摘要
由于个体对声音敏感性的差异,不同个体所理解和感知的声景不尽相同。通过对首都功能核心区实地测量、调研获取的等效声级等客观声学参量、吵闹度等主观声景感知评价量进行统计分析,应用对应分析方法探究个体敏感度与个体认为对声环境影响最大的因素之间的关联,应用Spearman秩相关分析探究常住人群个体敏感度与客观声学参量、主观声景感知评价量三者之间的相关性,结果发现:1)高敏感人群(个体敏感度>22)认为建筑物密度、交通网密度等物理环境对声环境感知的影响程度更大,其次是人为因素,自然环境的影响程度最小;2)个体敏感度与累计百分声级L_(10)、L_(50)、L_(90)具有显著相关性,与吵闹度、烦恼度也具有显著相关性;3)累计百分声级L_(10)与吵闹度、烦恼度、喜爱度、满意度相关性较等效声级更强。此外,应用逐步回归分析法构建了首都功能核心区声景感知评价预测模型,建立了个体敏感度、客观声学参量L_(10)与吵闹度、烦恼度、喜爱度、满意度和声源丰富度等声景感知评价量之间的关系,可以为预测和提升首都功能核心区声景感知质量提供理论参考,为优化城市甚至区域尺度声环境规划、管理提供科学依据。
Influenced by the difference of individual’s own sensitivity to sound,different individuals perceive different sounds.The statistical analysis was used to analyze the objective acoustic parameters(like sound pressure level)and soundscape perception evaluation indicators(like annoyance)of the capital functional core area.Correspondence analysis was applied to explore the association between the most acoustic environment impact factor from the individual sensitivity and individual sensitivity.Furthermore,Spearman rank correlation was applied to analyze the correlation among individual sensitivity,objective acoustic parameters and soundscape perception evaluation inidcators in the permanent residents.Results showed that:1)the highly sensitive people(individual sensitivity>22)believed that the physical environment such as building density and traffic density had a greater influence on the acoustic environment,the second was the human influence factor,and the natural environment had the least influence.2)Individual sensitivity was significantly correlated with the cumulative percent sound level L_(10),L_(50)and L_(90),as well as noise and annoyance.3)The cumulative percent sound level L_(10)was more strongly correlated with noise,annoyance,favorability and satisfaction than the sound pressure level.In addition,the application of stepwise regression analysis method was used to establish the capital functional core area soundscape perception evaluation prediction models.The models for the individual sensitivity and objective acoustic parameter L_(10)to noise,annoyance,favorability,satisfaction and sound richness were established.The research can provide theoretical reference for predicting and improving the perception quality of acoustics in the capital functional core area,and also provide scientific basis for optimizing the planning and management of urban even regional scale acoustic environment.
作者
赵佳美
郭宏志
户文成
ZHAO Jiamei;GUO Hongzhi;HU Wencheng(Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100054)
出处
《环境污染与防治》
北大核心
2025年第12期75-80,I0004,I0005,共8页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目(No.8234059)。
关键词
个体敏感性
首都功能核心区
声环境影响因素
声景感知评价
individual sensitivity
capital functional core area
acoustic environment impact factors
soundscape perception evaluation
