摘要
在全球高速城市化发展背景下,城市形态的环境效应已经成为当前的热点研究主题,突破传统二维平面视角的局限,以武汉市主城区为研究对象,以“PM_(2.5)空间格局分析—城市三维形态测度—作用机制挖掘”为研究主线,通过构建普通线性回归模型(OLS)、空间滞后模型(SLM)和空间误差模型(SEM)开展武汉城市三维形态对PM_(2.5)空间分布的影响及响应研究。研究结果表明:武汉市主城区PM_(2.5)浓度整体呈现“西北高东南低”的空间分布趋势,并具有明显的空间自相关特征。对比OLS、SLM和SEM模型的回归结果与检验参数,SEM拟合结果最优。城市形态显著影响PM_(2.5)浓度的空间异质性:路网密度对武汉市主城区PM_(2.5)浓度有显著的正向影响;土地利用混合度、武汉市地区生产总值等城市二维形态对PM_(2.5)浓度具有显著的负效应;交通可达性、高层高密度城市形态、三维绿量、距江距离等城市三维形态对PM_(2.5)浓度具有显著的负效应。通过合理控制城市三维形态,有助于削减城市PM_(2.5)浓度,改善城市环境,实现可持续发展。
With the rapid global urbanization,the environmental effects of urban morphology have emerged as a prominent research focus.This study broke through the limitations of traditional two-dimensional analyses by examining Wuhan’s main urban area through a tripartite framework——“PM_(2.5) spatial pattern analysis→three-dimensional(3D)urban morphology quantification→mechanistic interpretation”.Using ordinary least squares model(OLS),spatial lag model(SLM),and spatial error model(SEM),we systematically evaluated the impact of 3D urban morphology on PM_(2.5) spatial distribution.The results demonstrated three key findings regarding PM_(2.5) distribution in Wuhan’s main urban area:Firstly,PM_(2.5) concentrations exhibited a distinct spatial pattern characterized by higher levels in northwestern sectors and lower concentrations in southeastern zones,with a statistically significant autocorrelation.Secondly,comparative analysis of regression results and test parameters from OLS,SLM and SEM models indicated that SEM provided the optimal fit.Lastly,the urban morphology significantly affected the spatial heterogeneity of PM_(2.5) concentration through three distinct mechanisms:(1)Road network density showed a significant positive correlation with PM_(2.5) levels;(2)Twodimensional urban morphology indicators—particularly land-use mix diversity and regional GDP density—demonstrated significant negative associations;(3)Three-dimensional urban features including transportation accessibility,high-density building clusters,3D green biomass,and proximity to the Yangtze River all exhibited substantial negative effects.These findings suggest that rational control of three-dimensional urban morphology can effectively reduce the concentration of PM_(2.5) in the city,improve the urban environment and achieve sustainable development.
作者
史晨茜
刘兰君
周鹏
林奕晨
许婉清
陈岸
伍嘉诚
SHI Chenxi;LIU Lanjun;ZHOU Peng;LIN Yichen;XU Wanqing;CHEN An;WU Jiacheng(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Strategic Planning Center,Wuhan 430071,China;Yongyehang Planning Survey and Design(Hubei)Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430000,China)
出处
《武汉工程大学学报》
2025年第6期689-697,共9页
Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(52278076)
湖北省社科基金一般项目(HBSKJJ20233316)。
关键词
武汉市主城区
城市三维形态
PM_(2.5)污染
影响因素
空间计量分析
main urban area of Wuhan
three-dimensional urban morphology
PM_(2.5)pollution
influencing factors
spatial econometric analysis
