摘要
撞击溅射是撞击过程的重要组成部分,在深空探测领域中的小行星附着固锚、撞击采样、动能撞击偏转、星球表面溅射沉积物分布等工程应用及科学分析中发挥着重要作用。小行星表面多覆盖有砾石堆状风化层,研究人员通常利用颗粒状靶体进行模拟并开展实验研究。本文综述了颗粒靶体撞击溅射行为的研究进展,介绍了颗粒靶体撞击溅射形成的过程及溅射幕的描述方法;剖析了基于量纲分析的撞击溅射相似律及其适用范围和局限性;总结了靶体材料参数、撞击参数、靶体表面形貌和弹丸形状结构等对撞击溅射行为的影响;最后提出了颗粒靶体撞击溅射行为研究存在的问题及待开展的研究。
Impact ejecting is a critical part of the impact process and plays a pivotal role in engineering applications and scientific analyses in deep space exploration.Its importance extends to space missions such as asteroid surface anchoring for mission stability,impact sampling for scientific analysis of extraterrestrial materials,kinetic impact deflection for planetary defense strategies,and the detailed analysis of ejecta deposition patterns on planetary surfaces to understand surface evolution and regolith dynamics.With small asteroids whose surfaces are commonly covered with regolith,granular targets are employed in laboratory settings to simulate the impact ejecting process.This paper presents a review of the research progress concerning the behavior of impact ejecting on granular targets.The formation process of impact ejecting and methods for describing ejecta curtains are evaluated.An analysis of the dimensional similarity laws governing impact ejecta,along with their applicability and limitations,is conducted.Additionally,the influence of factors,such as target material parameters,impact conditions,target surface morphology,and impactor shape and structure,on impact ejecting behavior is summarized.Finally,existing research challenges are objectively identified,and potential directions for further scientific research about the behavior of impact ejecta on granular targets are proposed.
作者
张鸿宇
迟润强
孙淼
曹武雄
胡迪奇
庞宝君
张熇
顾征
ZHANG Hongyu;CHI Runqiang;SUN Miao;CAO Wuxiong;HU Diqi;PANG Baojun;ZHANG He;GU Zheng(Hypervelocity Impact Research Center,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,Heilongjiang,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)
出处
《爆炸与冲击》
北大核心
2025年第12期15-39,共25页
Explosion and Shock Waves
基金
国家自然科学基金(12141202)。
关键词
撞击溅射
溅射幕
相似律
小行星采样
impact-induced ejecta
ejecta curtain
scaling law
asteroid sampling
