摘要
目的:探讨微柱凝胶法行不规则抗体筛查和交叉配血试验的应用价值。方法:选取2023年2月至2024年8月本院收治的1428例需临床输血患者作为研究对象。采集供血者和受血者血液样本,分离供血者与受血者红细胞,分别使用凝聚胺法、微柱凝胶法筛查输血者血液样本的不规则抗体,对于筛查结果呈阳性的样本,再用谱细胞鉴定抗体。对比两种检查方式检查时间、检验结果。以谱细胞鉴定结果作为“金标准”,分析两种检查方式对不规则抗体检出情况以及对ABO血型系统(ABO Blood Group System,ABO)、Rh(D)血型系统(Rhesus(D)Blood Group,Rh(D))血型鉴定准确率。结果:微柱凝胶法检查时间明显长于凝聚胺法(P<0.05);微柱凝胶法检测次侧阳性率明显较凝聚胺法高(P<0.05);两种方法的主侧阳性率、总阳性率、假阳性率无明显差异(P>0.05);所有患者经谱细胞鉴定显示不规则抗体阳性率为20例(1.40%)。微柱凝胶法检测不规则抗体阳性率为1.40%(20/1428),灵敏度为100.00%(20/20);凝聚胺法检测不规则抗体阳性率为9.80%(14/1428),灵敏度为70.00%(14/20),微柱凝胶法检测不规则抗体灵敏度明显高于凝聚胺法(P<0.05);微柱凝胶法Rh(D)、ABO血型鉴定准确率明显高于凝聚胺法(P<0.05)。结论:与凝聚胺法相比,微柱凝胶法检查时间较长,但其灵敏度高,利于提高输血安全性,必要时可联合两种检查方式检测,为临床输血提供可靠参考。
Objective:To explore the application value of micro column gel method in irregular antibody screening and cross matching test.Methods:A total of 1428 patients who were admitted to our hospital from February 2023 to August 2024 and needed clinical blood transfusion were selected.Blood samples of blood donors and recipients were collected,and red blood cells of blood donors and recipients were obtained by centrifugation.Both of them received the polyamine method and the microcolumn gel method.The polyamine method and the microcolumn gel method were used respectively to screen irregular antibodies in blood samples of blood donors.If the screening results were positive,the antibodies were identified by spectrum cells.Compare the inspection time and results of two inspection methods.Using the results of spectral cell identification as the"gold standard",analyze the detection of irregular antibodies and the accuracy of ABO and Rh(D)blood type identification using two examination methods.Results:The test time of microcolumn gel method was longer than that of polyamine method,with statistical difference(P<0.05).The minor-side positive rate detected by the microcolumn gel method was significantly higher than that by the polybrene method(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed between the two methods in major-side positive rate,total positive rate,or false positive rate(P>0.05).Panel cell identification confirmed irregular antibody positivity in 20 patients(1.40%).The microcolumn gel method detected irregular antibodies with a positivity rate of 1.40%(20/1428)and a sensitivity of 100.00%(20/20),while the polybrene method showed a positivity rate of 9.80%(14/1428)and a sensitivity of 70.00%(14/20).The sensitivity of the microcolumn gel method for irregular antibody detection was significantly higher than that of the polybrene method(P<0.05).Additionally,the microcolumn gel method demonstrated significantly higher accuracy than the polybrene method in Rh(D)and ABO blood group identification(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with the polyamine method,the microcolumn gel method takes a longer time,but its sensitivity is high,which is conducive to improving the safety of blood transfusion.If necessary,the two methods can be combined to provide reliable reference for clinical blood transfusion.
作者
华玮
柴宝
聂雪丽
Hua Wei;Chai Bao;Nie Xue-li(Blood Transfusion Department,Zhumadian Central Hospital,Zhumadian 463000,Henan,China)
关键词
微柱凝胶法
交叉配血试验
不规则抗体
凝聚胺法
Microcolumn gel method
Cross matching blood test
Irregular antibodies
Condensed amine method
