摘要
矿井水治理面临环境污染与资源浪费双重难题。文章系统梳理了矿井水分类特征、处理技术及资源化利用途径。依据水质不同,对高矿化度、高悬浮物、酸性及含特殊污染物的矿井水,分别采用脱盐、固液分离、中和沉淀及靶向去除等技术,并借助膜技术、生态修复和材料创新实现高效处理。在资源化利用上,通过分质梯级回用(如工业冷却、农业灌溉等)和零排放技术体系(如膜浓缩-蒸发结晶等),推动“水质-能量-盐分”多目标回收。对比国内外技术,我国以膜技术为主,注重井下处理创新和政策驱动,国际侧重生态友好与政策引导。针对膜污染、高成本等瓶颈,展望了智能化控制、低碳工艺及新材料开发的趋势,为矿区水资源可持续利用助力。
The treatment of mine water faces the dual challenges of environmental pollution and resource waste.This paper systematically reviews the classification characteristics,treatment technologies and resource utilization approaches of mine water.Different water qualities,such as high salinity,high suspended solids,acidity and special pollutants,are treated by desalination,solid-liquid separation,neutralization precipitation and targeted removal.Membrane technology,ecological restoration and material innovation are used for efficient treatment.The graded reuse of water according to different qualities and zero-discharge technology systems are adopted for multi-objective recovery.By comparing domestic and foreign technologies,this paper points out that China gives priority to membrane technology and focuses on underground treatment innovation and policy drive,while international experience emphasizes ecological friendliness and policy guidance.In view of the bottlenecks such as membrane pollution and high cost,the trends of intelligent control,low-carbon processes and new material development are forecasted to boost the sustainable utilization of water resources in mining areas.
作者
李文兵
邵凡
LI Wenbing;SHAO Fan(Shaanxi Binchang Mengcun Mining Co.,Ltd.,Xianyang 713600,China)
出处
《化工管理》
2025年第34期60-64,74,共6页
Chemical Management
关键词
矿井水处理
资源化利用
高矿化度矿井水
零排放技术
分质利用
mine water treatment
resource utilization
mine water with high salinity
zero-discharge technology
utilization according to different water qualities
