摘要
【目的】核电机组调峰潜力巨大,但终端负荷峰谷波动,以及核反应堆应具备稳定输出等特征严重影响核电调峰过程的安全高效运行。储热技术可以实现热能的存储,是解决核电源荷需求失衡矛盾的重要途径,因此研究了基于熔盐储热的核电机组调峰特性。【方法】以某实际运行核电机组为研究对象,基于能量梯级利用原则,提出了主蒸汽加热熔盐、高压缸排汽加热熔盐和电加热熔盐3种耦合熔盐储热的核电调峰系统方案,建立了耦合系统仿真模型,并辅以针对性实验验证,研究了5%、10%、15%、20%、25%五种调峰幅度下的系统热力学性能。【结果】耦合熔盐储热的核电调峰系统提高了核电机组的调峰性能,同时可以满足不同供暖需求。高压缸排汽加热熔盐耦合系统方案热力性能最优,主蒸汽加热熔盐耦合系统方案次之,电加热熔盐耦合系统方案最差。在25%调峰幅度下,高压缸排汽加热熔盐耦合系统方案和电加热熔盐耦合系统方案能量效率分别为63.76%和37.84%,㶲效率分别为59.41%和23.04%。【结论】所提出的核电机组熔盐储热方案可应用于市政供暖场景,有助于指导参与电网调峰的核电机组安全高效运行。
[Objectives]Nuclear power units have great potential for peak-shaving.However,the peak-valley fluctuations in terminal load and the characteristics of nuclear reactors to maintain stable output seriously affect the safe and efficient operation of nuclear power peak-shaving process.Heat storage technology,which enables the storage of thermal energy,is an important way to solve the imbalance between nuclear power supply and demand.Therefore,the peak-shaving characteristics of nuclear power units based on molten salt heat storage are studied.[Methods]This study takes an actual nuclear power unit as the research object.Based on the principle of energy cascade utilization,three nuclear power peak-shaving system schemes coupled with molten salt heat storage are proposed:main steam heating molten salt,high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam heating molten salt,and electric heating molten salt.A simulation model of the coupled system is established and supplemented with targeted experimental validation.The system thermodynamic performance under five peak-shaving amplitudes of 5%,10%,15%,20%,and 25%is systematically studied.[Results]The nuclear power peak-shaving system coupled with molten salt heat storage improves the peak-shaving performance of the nuclear power unit while meeting different heating demands.The high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam heating molten salt coupled system scheme exhibits the best thermodynamic performance,followed by the main steam heating molten salt coupled system scheme,and the electric heating molten salt coupled system scheme performs the worst.Under a 25%peak-shaving amplitude,the energy efficiencies of the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam heating molten salt coupled system scheme and the electric heating molten salt coupled system scheme are 63.76%and 37.84%,respectively,and the exergy efficiencies are 59.41%and 23.04%,respectively.[Conclusions]The proposed molten salt heat storage schemes for nuclear power units can be applied to scenarios such as municipal heating supply,providing guidance for the safe and efficient operation of nuclear power units in grid peak shaving.
作者
刘松洋
白云鹏
陈志董
丁亮
孙超杰
孔艳强
LIU Songyang;BAI Yunpeng;CHEN Zhidong;DING Liang;SUN Chaojie;KONG Yanqiang(China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Haidian District,Beijing 100840,China;Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System of Ministry of Education(North China Electric Power University),Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《发电技术》
2025年第6期1200-1211,共12页
Power Generation Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52276062)。
关键词
核电机组
调峰
熔盐储热
耦合系统
能量梯级利用
热力学分析
nuclear power unit
peak-shaving
molten salt heat storage
integrated system
energy cascade utilization
thermodynamic analysis
