摘要
近年来,随着载人深空探测、空间太阳能电站、低轨星座、在轨服务、超低轨卫星、太空资源开发等新型任务的提出和发展以及可重复使用运载火箭技术逐步成熟带来的太空进入能力大幅提升,空间电推进的发展进入了一个以创新发展为核心的新阶段,创新融入了从基础理论、设计、生产、试验到在轨应用的电推进研发应用全流程。本文分析了新背景下电推进面对的差异化需求,从大功率、高功率密度、高比冲、长寿命、在轨应用柔性、利用其他能量复合增效等多个方面论述了国内外电推进的创新发展情况,分析了电推进发展面临的挑战,提出加强总体任务牵引、深化基础理论研究、提升仿真设计能力、拓展新型工质应用、开发高效测试技术等发展建议,以更好地促进我国电推进的创新发展与任务应用。
In recent years,with the proposal and development of novel missions such as manned deep space exploration,space-based solar power stations,low Earth orbit constellations,on-orbit servicing,ultralow Earth orbit satellites,and space resource exploitation,coupled with the significant enhancement of space access capabilities driven by the gradual maturation of reusable launch vehicles,the development of space electric propulsion has entered a new phase centered on innovation.Innovation has been integrated throughout the entire lifecycle of electric propulsion research and application,from fundamental theory,design,production,testing to on-orbit application.This paper first analyzes the differentiated demands faced by electric propulsion under this new context.It then discusses the innovative developments in electric propulsion both domestically and internationally,focusing on aspects such as high power,high power density,high specific impulse,long life,on-orbit application flexibility,and performance enhancement by combining other energy sources.Subsequently,the challenges faced by the development of electric propulsion are analyzed.Finally,development proposals are put forward,such as strengthening the overall task traction,deepening the basic theoretical research,improving the simulation design ability,expanding the application of new propellants,and developing efficient testing technology,so as to better promote the innovative development and task application of electric propulsion in our country.
作者
杭观荣
王一霖
孙江宏
李林
刘佳
汤建华
HANG Guanrong;WANG Yilin;SUN Jianghong;LI Lin;LIU Jia;TANG Jianhua(Shanghai Institute of Space Propulsion,Shanghai 201112,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Space Propulsion,Beijing 101416,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Space Engine,Shanghai 201112,China)
出处
《推进技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期20-41,共22页
Journal of Propulsion Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U22B20130)。
关键词
空间电推进
差异化需求
创新发展
挑战
发展建议
综述
In-space electric propulsion
Differentiated demands
Innovation and development
Challenge
Development proposals
Review
