摘要
【目的】甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)是一种新型高效半合成抗生素杀虫剂,广泛应用于松褐天牛Monochamus alternatus化学防治。本研究旨在探究甲维盐对天敌昆虫松褐天牛肿腿蜂Sclerodermus alternatusi的亚致死效应。【方法】采用微量点滴法,测定甲维盐对松褐天牛肿腿蜂成虫毒力,并用LD_(10)(0.813×10^(-3)μg/头)和LD_(30)(3.427×10^(-3)μg/头)2个亚致死剂量甲维盐处理松褐天牛肿腿蜂雌成虫,观察其F_(0)代单雌产卵量及F_(1)代的发育历期、繁殖力、存活率和雌雄成虫寿命等参数的变化,组建年龄-龄期两性生命表;并利用Timing-MSChart软件预测松LD_(10)和LD_(30)甲维盐处理褐天牛肿腿蜂成虫后其F_(1)代未来60 d种群动态。【结果】与空白对照相比,LD_(10)和LD_(30)甲维盐胁迫显著抑制了松褐天牛肿腿蜂F_(0)代单雌产卵量,显著降低了松褐天牛肿腿蜂F_(1)代存活率;LD_(30)甲维盐胁迫松褐天牛肿腿蜂成虫显著延长了其F_(1)代卵历期和显著缩短了F_(1)代幼虫历期并显著延长了F_(1)代雄成虫寿命。此外,F_(1)代种群参数结果表明,与空白对照相比,LD_(10)和LD_(30)甲维盐处理松褐天牛肿腿蜂成虫均显著降低了其F_(1)代的内禀增长率(r)、净增殖率(R_(0))和周限增长率(λ),且LD_(30)甲维盐处理显著延长了平均世代周期(T)。由未来60 d种群动态预测可见,LD_(10)和LD_(30)甲维盐对松褐天牛肿腿蜂后代种群均有显著抑制作用。【结论】亚致死剂量甲维盐对松褐天牛肿腿蜂的子代存活率及种群增长具有明显的抑制作用,同时高剂量亚致死甲维盐处理对后代雌成虫繁殖力影响并不显著,而低剂量亚致死甲维盐处理显著降低后代雌成虫繁殖力。本研究的这些结果可为科学使用甲维盐综合防治农林业害虫提供理论依据。
【Aim】Emamectin benzoate,a novel highly effective semi-synthetic antibiotic insecticide,is widely used for chemical control of Monochamus alternatus.This study aims to explore the sublethal effects of emamectin benzoate on the natural enemy insect,Sclerodermus alternatusi.【Methods】The toxicity of emamectin benzoate to S.alternatusi adults was determined using the topical application method.Two sublethal doses,i.e.LD_(10)(0.813×10^(-3)μg/individual)and LD_(30)(3.427×10^(-3)μg/individual)of emamectin benzoate were applied to the female adults of S.alternatusi to observe the changes in the number of eggs laid per female adult of the F_(0) generation,and the developmental duration,fecundity,survival rate,female and male adult longevity and other parameters of the F_(1) generation.An age-stage,two-sex life table was constructed,and the Timing-MSChart software was utilized to predict the 60-d population dynamics of the F_(1) generation after exposure of adults to LD_(10) and LD_(30) of emamectin benzoate.【Results】Compared with the blank control,both LD_(10) and LD_(30) of emamectin benzoate stress significantly inhibited the number of eggs laid per female of the F_(0) generation and significantly reduced the survival rate of the F_(1) generation of S.alternatusi.Exposure of S.alternatusi adults to LD_(30) of emamectin benzoate significantly prolonged the egg duration of the F_(1) generation and significantly shortened larval duration of the F_(1) generation,and significantly prolonged the male adult longevity of the F_(1) generation.Population parameters of the F_(1) generation showed that exposure of S.alternatusi adults to LD_(10) and LD_(30) of emamectin benzoate significantly decreased the intrinsic rate of increase(r),net reproductive rate(R 0),and finite rate of increase(λ)of the F_(1) generation,and the treatment with LD_(30) of emamectin benzoate significantly prolonged the mean generation time(T),compared with the blank control.Population dynamic predictions over 60 d revealed significant suppression of offspring populations of S.alternatusi by LD_(10) and LD_(30) of emamectin benzoate.【Conclusion】Sublethal doses of emamectin benzoate markedly inhibited the survival rate and population growth of S.alternatusi offspring.Additionally,high-dose sublethal exposure to emamectin benzoate had no significant impact on the fecundity of female adult offspring,whereas low-dose sublethal exposure to emamectin benzoate significantly reduced the fecundity of female adult offspring.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the scientific application of emamectin benzoate in integrated pest management strategies in agriculture and forestry.
作者
许晓萌
王咏琪
黄沙玲
唐秋扬
任美霖
朱登辉
周操
章冰川
李飞
XU Xiao-Meng;WANG Yong-Qi;HUANG Sha-Ling;TANG Qiu-Yang;REN Mei-Lin;ZHU Deng-Hui;ZHOU Cao;ZHANG Bing-Chuan;LI Fei(College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Control and Utilization,Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)
出处
《昆虫学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期1559-1569,共11页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0267)
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202200539,KJQN202200532)
重庆师范大学博士启动基金项目(21XLB011)。
