摘要
为揭示滇东南不同成土母质区土壤重金属空间分布及来源,以文山德厚—红甸地区土壤为研究区,根据岩性将成土母质划分为碳酸盐岩、不纯碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩、玄武岩4种类型,系统采集了2201件表层土壤样品,重点探讨不同成土母质对土壤重金属含量、空间分布及来源影响,并评价土壤重金属污染和潜在生态风险。结果表明:(1)与云南省土壤背景值相比,碳酸盐岩区土壤As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn相对富集,碎屑岩区富集As、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Zn,玄武岩区富集As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn,表明土壤重金属含量明显受成土母质控制;(2)研究区土壤多呈酸性,Cd和Ni平均含量高于农用地土壤污染风险筛选值,但均低于污染风险管控值,其余元素低于污染风险筛选值。土壤重金属潜在生态风险指数(RI)以轻微和中等为主,占比61.7%,Cd和Hg为主要生态风险因子;(3)主成分和空间分析结果显示,As、Cd、Zn、Hg和Pb高含量主要源于高重金属背景的纯碳酸盐岩和不纯碳酸盐岩及其在风化成土过程二次富集;Cr、Cu和Ni主要受玄武质岩浆活动和高重金属背景的碎屑岩影响;As、Hg、Pb以自然来源为主,其次为农业活动、燃煤和交通排放等人为来源。
To reveal the spatial distribution and sources of soil heavy metals in different parent material areas in southeastern Yunnan,the soil in the Dehou-Hongdian area of Wenshan was selected as the study area.Based on lithology,the parent materials in the study area were divided into four types:carbonate rocks,impure car-bonate rocks,clastic rocks,and basalts.A total of 2,201 surface soil samples were systematically collected.This study focused on the effects of different parent materials on the content,spatial distribution,and sources of soil heavy metals,and evaluated soil heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks.The results indicate that:(1)Compared with the background values of soil in Yunnan Province,the soils in areas with carbonate rock as the soil-forming parent material are relatively enriched in As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,and Zn;the soils in clastic rock areas are enriched in As,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,and Zn;and the soils in basalt areas are enriched in As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,and Zn,indicating that the content of heavy metals in the soil is significantly controlled by the parent materials;(2)The soils in the study area are mostly acidic.The average contents of Cd and Ni are higher than the soil pollution risk screening values for agricultural land,but both are lower than the pollution risk control values,while the other elements are below the screening values.The potential ecological risk index(RI)of heavy metals in the soil is mainly slight to moderate,accounting for 61.7%,with Cd and Hg being the main ecological risk factors;(3)The results of principal component analysis and spatial analysis show that high contents of As,Cd,Zn,Hg,and Pb are mainly derived from pure carbonate rocks and impure carbonate rocks with high heavy metal backgrounds and the secondary enrichment of these elements during weathering and soil formation;Cr,Cu,and Ni are mainly influenced by basaltic magmatic activities and clastic rocks with high heavy metal backgrounds;As,Hg,and Pb are primarily of natural origin,followed by anthropogenic sources such as agricultural activities,coal burning,and traffic emissions.
作者
吴松
陈杰
张有荣
黄钊
张小兵
龙玉江
王路
白兵
徐永强
WU Song;CHEN Jie;ZHANG Yourong;HUANG Zhao;ZHANG Xiaobing;LONG Yujiang;WANG Lu;BAI Bing;XU Yongqiang(Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey(Yunnan Academy of Geological Sciences),Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,Ministry of Natural Resources,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China;Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China;College of Territorial and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650093,China)
出处
《现代地质》
北大核心
2025年第6期1730-1740,共11页
Geoscience
基金
云南省自然资源厅地质勘查基金项目(D201906)
云南省生态环境厅项目(YNJCZB2023013)。
关键词
成土母质
重金属
碳酸盐岩
碎屑岩
生态风险评价
滇东南
soill-forming parent material
heavy metal
carbonate rock
clastic rock
ecological risk assessment
southeastern Yunnan
