摘要
为寻求有效的奶牛热应激缓解技术,试验采用风扇降温和营养调控技术对夏季泌乳期奶牛进行热应激防控,选择胎次为2~3胎泌乳中国荷斯坦奶牛51头随机分成3组,每组17头奶牛。对3组奶牛实施不同的热应激缓解技术,即A组采用风扇降温、B组采用风扇降温与益生菌结合、C组采用风扇降温与电解多维结合。结果显示,试验期B、C组采食量较A组分别提高了11.7%和3.7%,B、C组产奶量比A组分别提高了10.2%和1.6%,乳总固形物、乳蛋白、乳脂等指标均有一定程度提高。与A组相比,B、C组奶牛呼吸频率分别极显著降低15.6%(P<0.01)和9.0%(P<0.01),脉搏分别极显著降低11.2%(P<0.01)和9.0%(P<0.01),单次反刍持续时间分别极显著提高57.0%(P<0.01)和39.0%(P<0.01),B组的反刍时间显著高于C组(P<0.05)。试验期内3组奶牛直肠温度无显著差异(P>0.05),但A组发病率达23.5%,高于B、C组,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。与A组相比,B、C组日粮干物质采食量、日均产奶量、乳总固形物、乳蛋白、乳脂等均有上升趋势。试验结果表明,与单一风扇降温相比较,采用风扇降温与营养调控技术相结合更能降低夏季奶牛热应激的影响,对奶牛维持正常生理指标和机体健康水平有积极作用,利于奶牛发挥固有的生产性能,实现稳产高产。
To explore effective heat stress mitigation technologies for dairy cows,this experiment employed a combination of fan cooling and nutritional regulation strategies during the summer lactation period.Fiftyone lactating Holstein cows in their 2nd to 3rd parity were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups of 17 cows each.Different heat stress mitigation techniques were applied:group A used fan cooling,group B used fan cooling combined with probiotics,and group C used fan cooling combined with electrolytes and vitamins.The results showed that during the experimental period,dry matter intake in groups B and C increased by 11.7%and 3.7%,respectively,compared to group A.Milk yield in groups B and C was 10.2%and 1.6%higher,respectively,than in group A,with corresponding improvements in milk total solids,milk protein,and milk fat con⁃tent.Compared to group A,the respiratory rate in groups B and C decreased extremely significantly by 15.6%(P<0.01)and 9.0%(P<0.01),respec⁃tively.And pulse rate decreased extremely significantly by 11.2%(P<0.01)and 9.0%(P<0.01),respectively.The duration of single rumination bouts increased extremely significantly by 57.0%(P<0.01)and 39.0%(P<0.01),respectively,with group B′s rumi⁃nation time being significantly higher than group C′s(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in rectal temperature among the three groups during the trial(P>0.05),although the morbidity rate in group A reached 23.5%,higher than in groups B and C,but the inter-group difference was not significant(P>0.05).Compared to group A,groups B and C showed increasing trends in dry matter intake,daily milk yield,milk total solids,milk protein,and milk fat.The experimental results indicate that,compared to fan cooling alone,the combination of fan cooling and nutritional regulation technologies is more effective in mitigating the impact of summer heat stress in dairy cows.This combined approach plays a positive role in maintaining normal physiological parameters and overall health,thereby helping cows to express their inherent produc⁃tion potential and achieve stable,high yields.
作者
黄香
刘征
李秀良
唐承明
王启芝
周志扬
周俊华
文信旺
HUANG Xiang;LIU Zheng;LI Xiuliang;TANG Chengming;WANG Qizhi;ZHOU Zhiyang;ZHOU Junhua;WEN Xinwang(Guangxi Agricultural Polytechnic University,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Buffalo Research Institute,Guangxi Nanning 530001,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2025年第24期116-120,共5页
Feed Industry
基金
国家农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设南宁肉牛综合试验站项目[nycytxgxcxtd-2021-09-07]
基于自主研发的高活性益生菌的农副产品饲料化利用创新与示范项目[防科AB21014027]
防城港市本地肉牛品种改良综合技术研究与示范项目[防科AB21014020]。
关键词
奶牛
热应激
防控技术
健康
生产性能
dairy cow
heat stress
prevention and control technology
health
production performance
