摘要
该文旨在探讨吐蕃时期连接象雄与胡密国之间的关键交通路线,并深入分析该路线在东西方文化交流与贸易往来中所发挥的重要作用。象雄作为吐蕃西部重镇,凭借其独特地理位置,成为中亚与吐蕃文化交流的重要中转站;胡密国(即敦煌吐蕃藏文文献Or.8212/187中所载“Ban vjag nag bo”),位于今阿富汗巴达赫尚省瓦罕走廊一带,也因其地理优势成为东西文明交汇的重要节点。因此,考察象雄至胡密国的交通路线,对理解吐蕃在中亚地区的战略布局与文化影响具有重要意义。该文综合文献记载与考古研究成果,从以下三方面展开论述:第一,通过分析交通要冲勃律地区的战事,推断吐蕃征服勃律的大致年代,揭示其首次尝试打通中亚通道的战略意图;第二,借助拉达克、巴尔蒂斯坦、吉尔吉特、瓦罕等地现存吐蕃时期藏文石刻的地理分布,勾勒出吐蕃经营该路线的具体路径与年代;第三,结合唐代方志、游记等汉文史料中有关拉达克与瓦罕之间的往来记载,进一步还原该路线的实际运作情况。通过深入探讨该路线的战略意义、运作机制与历史作用,有助于更清晰地认识吐蕃在中亚地区的活动及其对东西方文化交流的贡献。
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the key transportation routes connecting Zhang Zhung and Ban Vjag Nag Po during the Tubo period,and to analyze in depth the important role they played in cultural exchanges and trade between the East and the West.ZhangZhung,as a major town in the western part of Tubo,became an important transit point for cultural exchanges between Central Asia and Tubo by virtue of its unique geographical location.The State of Humi(胡密)in Chinese historical sources,“Ban VjagNag Po”recorded in Dunhuang Tubo Tibetan literature Or.8212/187,is located in the area of Wakhan Corridor of Badakhshan Province of present-day Afghanistan,which also became an important node for the intersection of eastern and western civilizations by virtue of its geographical advantage.Therefore,the study of transportation routes from Zhang Zhung to Hu Mi is of great significance for the understanding of the strategic layout and cultural impact of the Tubo in Central Asia This article comprehensively discusses literature records and archaeological research results from the following three aspects:firstly,by analyzing the battles in the transportation hub of Bolu area,inferring the approximate age of Tubo’s conquest of Bolu,revealing its strategic intention of first attempting to open up the Central Asian corridor;Secondly,by utilizing the geographical distribution of existing Tibetan stone carvings from the Tubo period in Ladakh,Baltistan,Gilgit,and Wakhan,the specific path and era of Tubo’s operation of this route can be outlined;Thirdly,based on the records of exchanges between Ladakh and Wakhan in Chinese historical materials such as local chronicles and travelogues from Tang Dynasty,it further restores the actual operation of the route.By delving into the strategic significance,operational mechanism,and historical role of this route,it will help to gain a clearer understanding of Tubo’s activities in Central Asia and its contribution to cultural exchange between the East and the West.
作者
桑吉东知布
Sangye Dondrup(Chinese National Community Research Institute in Xizang University,Lhasa,Xizang 850000)
出处
《青海民族大学学报(藏文版)》
2025年第3期46-57,共12页
Journal of qinghai minzu University(Tibetan Version)
基金
西藏大学研究生高水平人才培养计划项目“藏族祖源的三种历史书写研究”(项目编号:2021-GSP-B012)阶段性成果。
