摘要
在全球能源转型背景下,风电、光伏等间歇性可再生能源的大规模并网对电力系统调节能力提出了严峻挑战。抽水蓄能凭借高能效、规模经济性及灵活多功能调节特性,是当前主流的系统级储能技术和解决弃风弃光问题的有效手段。我国抽水蓄能的理论资源储备十分丰富,但优质可开发站址受环境保护、社会约束和经济可行性等多重因素限制,实际可落地项目比例有限。同时,容量电价和电量补偿等政策机制不完善,对部分项目的核准和建设进度产生了显著影响。在此背景下,亟需通过拓展非常规站址类型并优化选址方法,提高项目的整体可行性与经济性。本文首先通过文献计量分析发现,抽水蓄能选址研究在国家能源政策驱动下,近年来呈快速增长趋势。围绕选址对象与技术方法两个维度构建综述框架:在对象维度,系统梳理了常规淡水、海水、地下空间以及新能源配套抽水蓄能四类典型模式的特征与约束条件,并提出了针对性的特征评价指标体系;在方法维度上,对地理信息系统、多准则决策、二者耦合方法及其他选址技术进行了系统性梳理和对比分析,重点讨论了各方法的理论基础、适用环节、优势与局限。研究成果可为抽水蓄能项目的选址决策提供系统化的理论参考和方法借鉴,有助于优化站址布局、提升规划科学性与可行性,从而推动抽水蓄能产业的可持续发展。
Against the backdrop of the global energy transition,the large-scale integration of intermittent renewable energy sources like wind and photovoltaic power presents substantial challenges to power systems'regulation capacity.Pumped hydro energy storage(PHES),with its high efficiency,scalability,and flexible multifunctional regulation capabilities,has emerged as the dominant system-level energy storage technology and an effective solution to curtailment issues in wind and solar power generation.Although China possesses abundant theoretical PHES resources,the availability of high-quality,developable sites for these purposes is constrained by multiple factors,including environmental protections,social considerations,and economic feasibility.This results in a limited proportion of projects that can be practically implemented.Moreover,inadequacies in policy mechanisms(e.g.,capacity based tariffs,energy output compensation)have significantly influenced the approval and construction of certain projects.In this context,there is an urgent need to expand the range of potential site types and optimize site selection methodologies to enhance overall project feasibility and economic viability.Using bibliometric analysis,this study revealed that PHES site selection research has experienced rapid growth in recent years,driven by national energy policies.A review framework was constructed from two dimensions:site selection targets and methodological approaches.Using the target dimension,the study systematically examined the characteristics and constraints of four representative PHES configurations(conventional freshwater,seawater,underground space,and renewable-energy-integrated PHES).This paper thus proposes a targeted indicator system for feature evaluation.It provides a systematic review and comparative analysis of geographic information system(GIS)-based methods,multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)approaches,GIS-MCDM hybrid techniques,and other site selection methods,with a focus on their theoretical underpinnings,applicable stages,strengths,and limitations.The findings offer systematic theoretical foundations and methodological guidance for PHES site selection,contributing to the optimization of site layout and enhancing the scientific rigor and feasibility of planning,thereby promoting the sustainable development of PHES.
作者
贾文林
张尊华
周梦妮
张帆
欧阳章智
JIA Wenlin;ZHANG Zunhua;ZHOU Mengni;ZHANG Fan;OUYANG Zhangzhi(Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology,Sanya 572025,Hainan,China;School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,Hubei,China;China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510700,Guangdong,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期4672-4688,共17页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司科技项目(202302hx0259)。
关键词
抽水蓄能
选址
评价指标
地理信息系统
多准则决策
pumped hydro energy storage
site selection
evaluation indicators
geographic information systems
multi-criteria decision-making
