摘要
氢能具有制取来源广泛、利用形式多样、绿色低碳环保等优点,但大规模储备存在技术挑战。地下盐穴是能源存储的优良介质,是氢气大规模地下储存的理想选择。本工作针对盐穴地下储氢库,建立考虑温度效应的库容量计算模型,揭示注采条件下掺氢比例、运行压力与温度变化的耦合规律,分析各因素对库容量及温度动态的影响机制。研究表明:(1)库容量随运行压力升高呈线性增长,体积为25×10^(4) m^(3)的腔体在运行压力7~17 MPa下储存100%H2的库容量为1430×10^(4)~3250×10^(4) m^(3);库容量随掺氢比例和温度升高而降低,腔体体积为10×10^(4)~55×10^(4) m^(3)在50℃时储存100%H2的库容量为1291×10^(4)~7170×10^(4) m^(3)。(2)造腔阶段温度迅速下降,注气排卤阶段温度回升;季节性调峰中,注气期与恒压储存期温度上升,采气期温度下降;氢气高比热容显著抑制温度波动,掺氢70%时注气和采气阶段的温度波动幅值分别较掺氢30%时低11.4%和7.2%。(3)注采气速率显著影响温度变化,氢气高比热容与热惯性特性可有效缓冲热扰动,高掺氢比例体系的热稳定性更优。本研究结果为盐穴储氢库建库设计与运行优化提供理论支撑,助力氢能大规模存储技术发展及“双碳”目标实现。
Hydrogen energy offers notable advantages,including abundant production sources,diverse utilization pathways,and intrinsic green,low-carbon,and environmentally benign properties.Despite these benefits,significant technical challenges remain in large-scale storage and preservation.Underground salt caverns,recognized as excellent geological media for energy storage,provide a promising approach for large-scale hydrogen storage.Focusing on hydrogen storage in salt caverns,this study develops a comprehensive storage capacity model that fully accounts for temperature effects.The model elucidates the complex interactions among hydrogen blending ratios,operating pressures,and temperature variations during gas injection and withdrawal.Additionally,it provides an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms by which these factors influence storage capacity and thermal dynamics.Key research results are summarized as follows.(1)Storage capacity increases linearly with operating pressure.For a cavern volume of 25×10^(4) m^(3),operating pressures from 7 to 17 MPa,yield storage capacities for pure hydrogen(100%H2)ranging from 1430×10^(4) m^(3) to 3250×10^(4) m³.Conversely,storage capacity decreases with increasing hydrogen blending ratio and ambient temperature.For caverns with volumes from 10×10^(4) m^(3) to 55×10^(4) m^(3),the storage capacity for 100%H2 at 50℃ranges between 1291×10^(4) m^(3) and 7170×10^(4) m^(3).(2)During cavern construction,internal temperatures drop rapidly.In the gas injection and brine displacement stages,temperatures gradually recover.During seasonal peak regulation,temperatures rise during gas injection and constant-pressure storage periods,while decreasing during gas production.The high specific heat capacity of hydrogen significantly mitigates temperature fluctuations.When the hydrogen blending ratio reaches 70%,the amplitude of temperature fluctuations during gas injection and production decreases by 11.4%and 7.2%,respectively,compared to a 30%blending ratio.(3)The rates of gas injection and production directly influence temperature variations within the storage system.Hydrogen's high heat capacity and thermal inertia effectively buffer thermal disturbances,and systems with higher hydrogen content demonstrate enhanced thermal stability under diverse operating conditions.These findings provide robust theoretical support for the design and operational optimization of salt cavern hydrogen storage and advance large-scale hydrogen storage technologies,contributing to the achievement of dual-carbon strategic goals.
作者
武志德
刘冰冰
完颜祺琪
朱华银
郝爱胜
李康
张冰童
欧岚涵田
赵文静
WU Zhide;LIU Bingbing;WANYAN Qiqi;ZHU Huayin;HAO Aisheng;LI Kang;ZHANG Bingtong;OU Lanhantian;ZHAO Wenjing(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China;National Energy Underground Gas Storage Research and Development Center,Beijing 100083,China;CNPC Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Underground Storage Engineering,Langfang 065007,Hebei,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期4608-4617,共10页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
中国石油天然气集团有限公司基础性前瞻性项目(2022DJ83)
中国石油集团科学技术研究院有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2023YCQ01)。
关键词
盐穴储氢
地下储氢
地下储气
掺氢存储
温度效应
库容量计算
salt cavern hydrogen storage
underground hydrogen storage
underground gas storage
hydrogen-blended storage
temperature effect
storage capacity calculation
