摘要
系统综述了熔融缩聚法制备聚乳酸(PLA)的催化剂体系,如锡类和钛系等金属催化剂,稀土类及磷钨杂多酸等低毒绿色催化剂,重点探讨催化机制及其对产物性能的影响。二元及多元复合催化剂体系具有协同效应,充分发挥催化活性,提升反应速率、产物光学纯度及热稳定性等特点。同时,重点分析了复合催化剂体系与分步催化工艺的的协同效应,为绿色、可控合成高性能PLA提供理论依据与技术路径。未来需进一步探索低毒、绿色高效催化体系,发挥催化剂协同效应,优化添加工艺和聚合动力学,实现高分子量PLA的合成。
This review systematically summarized the catalytic systems used in the melt polycondensation of poly(lactic acid)(PLA).It covers conventional metal-based catalysts(e.g.,tin and titanium compounds)and low-toxicity alternatives(e.g.,rare-earth compounds and phosphotungstic heteropolyacids),with special emphasis on their catalytic mechanisms and influence on final product properties.The development of binary and multi-component composite catalysts was highlighted,as these systems demonstrate remarkable synergistic effects that enhance catalytic activity,reaction rate,and the optical purity and thermal stability of PLA.Particular attention was given to the coordination between composite catalysts and stepwise catalytic processes,offering theoretical and technical pathways for the green and controllable synthesis of high-performance PLA.Future research should focus on developing efficient,low-toxicity catalysts,optimizing synergistic combinations,refining processing technologies,and elucidating polymerization kinetics to facilitate the production of high-molecular-weight PLA.These advancements are crucial for expanding the industrial application of PLA as a competitive biodegradable material within circular economy systems.
作者
李顺美
章栋
许乐瑶
冀蓉蓉
董世星
周凌
赵西坡
LI Shunmei;ZHANG Dong;XU Leyao;JI rongrong;DONG Shixing;ZHOU Ling;ZHAO Xipo(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;Hubei Firsta Material Science and Technology Group Co,Ltd,Xiaogan 432500,China)
出处
《中国塑料》
北大核心
2025年第12期13-19,共7页
China Plastics
关键词
聚乳酸
熔融缩聚法
催化剂
poly(lactic acid)
melt polycondensation
catalysts
