摘要
回顾分析2024年10月至2025年3月大连市两家透析中心8例血液透析30年以上患者的临床资料, 并检索PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库、中华医学期刊网文献报道的血液透析30年以上患者资料进行文献复习。研究显示8例患者的基线健康状况较好, 原发病均为慢性肾小球肾炎, 启动透析前均无合并症, 初始透析年龄为21~38岁, 血管通路多为动静脉内瘘, 透析规律且充分[尿素清除指数(KT/V)1.23~1.88], 体重指数15.20~22.96 kg/m^(2)基本达标, 血红蛋白88~118 g/L、白蛋白27.7~39.7 g/L、血钙1.88~2.55 mmol/L、血磷0.76~1.99 mmol/L水平基本达标。文献复习纳入病例报道12篇、论著4篇。报道显示基线健康状况、原发病类型、启动透析前有无合并症、初始透析年龄、血管通路、透析充分性、并发症的管理以及医疗支持等均为影响血液透析患者长期生存率的关键因素, 规范管理、及时纠正各项并发症, 可显著改善透析患者预后、提高长期生存率。
We retrospectively analyzed 8 patients who had been on hemodialysis for over 30 years from two dialysis centers in Dalian,China.A literature review was conducted by searching PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang databases,and Chinese Medical Journal Network for cases of patients on hemodialysis for over 30 years.The 8 patients had good baseline health,with chronic glomerulonephritis as the primary renal disease and no comorbidities before initiating dialysis.They started hemodialysis between 21 and 38 years of age,predominantly using arteriovenous fistulas for vascular access.Dialysis was regular and adequate(KT/V 1.23-1.88).Key laboratory parameters,including hemoglobin(88-118 g/L),albumin(27.7-39.7 g/L),calcium(1.88-2.55 mmol/L),and phosphate(0.76-1.99 mmol/L),were generally within target ranges.Body mass index ranged from 15.20 to 22.96 kg/m^(2).This literature review of the study included 12 case reports and 4 orginal articles.Factors influencing long-term survival included baseline health status,primary renal disease,absence of comorbidities before dialysis initiation,age at dialysis initiation,type of vascular access,dialysis adequacy,complication management,and medical support.Standardized management and timely correction of complications can significantly improve prognosis and enhance long-term survival in hemodialysis patients.
作者
胡敏燕
陈京怡
朱峰
王楠
刘晶辉
李澳梅
田佳雯
李龙凯
林洪丽
Hu Minyan;Chen Jingyi;Zhu Feng;Wang Nan;Liu Jinghui;Li Aomei;Tian Jiawen;Li Longkai;Lin Hongli(Department of Nephrology,First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116011,China;Department of Nephrology,Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital,Dalian 116035,China)
出处
《中华全科医师杂志》
2025年第12期1541-1544,共4页
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners
关键词
血液透析
透析龄
临床特点
长期生存率
Hemodialysis
Dialysis vintage
Clinical features
Long-term survival rate
