摘要
为促进视频数据的高效传输与互联互通,流媒体领域不可避免地在多环节应用标准化的编解码专利技术,由此引发流媒体服务商是否应为该专利付费的争议。在“不可替代的实质性作用”侵权认定思路下,未经授权实施编解码专利的行为具有较高的侵权风险。但在专利权人已向终端设备制造商广泛收费的背景下,流媒体服务商后续的专利实施行为具备合法性与合理性的基础。合法性在于,互补产品场域下操作使用方法专利存在权利用尽抗辩的空间。结合美国“Quanta测试”思路,流媒体服务商对已获专利授权的终端设备进行必要的功能保障,可纳入权利用尽的范畴。合理性在于,标准必要专利的许可实践需遵循FRAND原则进行利益平衡。对流媒体服务商重复收费,可能有违经济分配的公平原则与经济效率层面的合理性。
To facilitate the efficient transmission,interconnection,and interoperability of video data,the streaming media sector inevitably employs standardized codec patent technologies across multiple stages,which gives rise to disputes over whether streaming service providers should pay for such patents.Under the doctrine of"indispensable and substantive role"for infringement determination,the unauthorized implementation of codec patents carries a high risk of infringement.However,in the context where patent holders have already widely collected fees from end-device manufacturers,the subsequent patent implementation activities by streaming service providers have a basis in legality and reasonableness.The legality lies in the existence of room for a patent exhaustion defense regarding patents for operational and usage methods in the context of complementary products.Drawing on the reasoning of the U.S."Quanta test",the necessary functional support provided by streaming service providers for patent-authorized end devices can be included within the scope of patent exhaustion.The reasonableness stems from the requirement that licensing practices for standard-essential patents must adhere to the FRAND principles to balance interests.Repeatedly charging streaming service providers may run counter to the principle of fairness in economic distribution and the reasonableness in terms of economic efficiency.
作者
周围
黄业雄
Zhou Wei;Huang Yexiong
出处
《电子知识产权》
2025年第9期50-62,共13页
Electronics Intellectual Property
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“数字生态系统反垄断法适用研究”(项目批准号:25BFX061)的阶段性研究成果。
