摘要
实验室安全是保障教育质量与科研产出的关键要素,实验室事故暴露出安全教育体系在理念、制度、内容、机制与文化建设等方面存在的问题。该研究基于“三全育人”理念与现代高等教育治理框架,系统梳理国内实验室安全教育相关研究成果,并结合典型高校案例,从教育理念、治理结构、课程体系、技术支撑与文化生态五个维度提出系统优化路径。研究发现,有效的实验室安全教育体系需兼顾法定责任落实与安全素养提升,既强调规范制度建设,也注重“安全即教育”的文化引导。高校实验室安全教育应走向系统化、智能化与文化化并行的治理新阶段,为实现高校人才培养的高质量发展奠定坚实基础。
[Objective]With the rapid development of higher education and the intensification of experimental teaching and scientific research,university laboratories have become both essential platforms for talent cultivation and high-risk zones for safety incidents.Despite the growing awareness of laboratory safety,frequent accidents in recent years have revealed serious weaknesses in current safety education practices.These include outdated educational concepts,fragmented management structures,insufficient curriculum design,inadequate technological support,and a poor safety culture.This study aims to address these systemic issues by constructing a thorough laboratory safety education system tailored to the contemporary realities of Chinese higher education.Guided by the principles embodied in the concept of“all-round education”and modern governance,the research underscores the urgent need to shift from reactive supervision to proactive education,and from merely complying with rules to cultivating responsible behavior.[Methods]This paper adopts a qualitative and inductive methodology,incorporating multi-source data,including national policies,academic publications,and practical cases drawn from representative universities across China.First,it reviews domestic literature on laboratory safety education from three perspectives:the policy and institutional framework,curriculum and pedagogy,and management and evaluation systems.Second,based on a synthesis of practical models,the paper classifies and compares typical implementation paths.In particular,five core dimensions are identified,including the educational philosophy,organizational structure,curricular system,technological platform,and safety culture.A five-dimensional construction model and a nested“path-element-mechanism”analytical framework are then proposed to illustrate the internal logic of system transformation.The analysis emphasizes the synergy between institutional design,cultural embedding,and technological empowerment.[Results]The study identifies five major problems in current laboratory safety education:outdated educational logic,undifferentiated training content,ambiguous governance responsibilities,weak entry-certification mechanisms,and poor cultural engagement.In response,five innovative and actionable paths are proposed:①embedding safety education into students’holistic development and aligning it with moral and professional values;②establishing a three-tiered chain of responsibility involving the university,faculties,and laboratories,supported by a clear division of labor and accountability systems;③developing modular and layered curriculum structures that incorporate virtual reality simulations,scenario-based learning,and performance-based assessment;④leveraging digital platforms for safety training,access control,monitoring behavior,and early warning;and⑤fostering an immersive and participatory safety culture through initiatives such as Safety Month,student safety ambassadors,and real-time safety feedback loops.These strategies are exemplified by previous case studies and show promising effects in improving institutional effectiveness and risk literacy among students.[Conclusions]Laboratory safety education is no longer a peripheral technical concern but rather a core element of educational modernization and talent quality assurance in universities.This study not only exposes the structural shortcomings of existing safety education practices but also proposes a framework for systemic transformation that balances compliance,empowerment,and cultural internalization.Future laboratory safety education must evolve toward digitalization,systematization,and humanization.It should not only prevent accidents but also nurture responsible,safety-conscious,and ethically aware future scientists and engineers.As emerging technologies such as AI and big data continue to reshape the governance of higher education,universities must seize the opportunity to reimagine safety education as a strategic component of national education innovation systems.
作者
李莉
杨娟
LI Li;YANG Juana(Department of Laboratory&Equipment Management,Public Experiment&Service Center,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)
出处
《实验技术与管理》
北大核心
2025年第11期257-263,共7页
Experimental Technology and Management
基金
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2023M731360)
江苏省学位与研究生教育教学改革课题(JGKT24_B059)
江苏省教育科学规划课题(B-b/2024/01/84)。
关键词
高校实验室安全
安全教育体系
三全育人
课程体系建设
智能化平台
安全文化
laboratory safety in colleges and universities
safety education system
three-whole education
curriculum system construction
intelligent platform
safety culture
