摘要
采矿用地在制度设计、管理实践、矿山生产中长期面临着难以解决的问题,兼顾矿产资源开发和土地利用双重效益提升始终是管理难点,因此采矿用地制度改革是矿产资源法修订的重要内容。本文通过系统梳理现行法律法规,在辨析采矿用地概念内涵、采矿用地范围,探讨采矿权与采矿用地使用权取得、采矿用地特殊性的基础上,结合矿山开采实际讨论了采矿用地在使用权获取、指标配置、审批程序、有偿使用等方面存在的现实矛盾。立足新的矿产资源法实施,结合现有矿山开采、建设用地、土地复垦等政策,从管理视角提出构建衔接有效的规划体系、实施采矿用地分类管理、积极探索采矿用地供给路径、扩大复垦修复腾退指标范围、做好用地用林用草要素保障等创新性制度以及采矿用地政策完善的建议,以期为自然资源管理部门完善采矿用地制度,制定矿产资源法配套法规和规范性文件等提供参考,有效保障采矿权人的用地权利,积极促进我国矿业高质量发展。
Mining land has long faced difficult problems in institutional design,management practice,and mining production.Balancing the dual benefits of mineral resource development and land use has always been a management challenge.Therefore,the reform of the mining land system is an important part of the revision of the Mineral Resources Law.This article systematically reviews current laws and regulations,analyzes the concept and scope of mining land,explores the acquisition of mining rights and mining land use rights,and the special characteristics of mining land.Based on the actual mining situation,it discusses the practical contradictions in the acquisition of mining land use rights,allocation of indicators,approval procedures,and paid use of mining land.Based on the implementation of the new Mineral Resources Law and in combination with existing policies on mining,construction land,land reclamation,etc.,from a management perspective,this paper proposes innovative systems such as building a cohesive and effective planning system,implementing classified management of mining land,actively exploring the supply path of mining land,expanding the scope of reclamation,restoration,and relocation indicators,ensuring the protection of forest and grass elements in land use,and suggestions for improving mining land policies.The aim is to provide reference for the natural resources management department to improve the mining land system,formulate supporting regulations and normative documents for the new Mineral Resources Law,effectively protect the land rights of mining rights holders,and actively promote the high-quality development of China's mining industry.
作者
王伊杰
王强吉
罗碧波
王枫
王雪峰
WANG Yijie;WANG Qiangji;LUO Bibo;WANG Feng;WANG Xuefeng(Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149,China;Territorial Spatial Planning Research Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《自然资源情报》
2025年第12期28-34,共7页
Natural Resources Information
基金
自然资源部部门预算项目“促进区域协调发展自然资源支持政策研究”(编号:121102000000190010)
自然资源部部门预算项目“自然资源‘十四五’规划编制与实施体系”(编号:121102000000190014)。
关键词
采矿用地
制度设计
分类管理
规划体系
矿地一体
mining land
institutional design
classification management
planning system
integration of mining and land
