摘要
低品位菱锰矿直接酸浸除杂过程存在工艺流程长且复杂、废水废渣排放量大等问题。对此以贵州低品位菱锰矿为原料,采用添加剂辅助浸出,考察浸出实验条件对锰及主要杂质组分钙、镁、铁等浸出的影响,优化浸出过程工艺参数,并对浸出前后的物相、形貌及锰的浸出动力学进行分析,并与直接酸浸过程进行对比。结果表明,在硫酸浓度为0.5 mol/L、浸出温度为55℃、固液比(质量体积比,g/mL)为0.08及反应时间为120 min的常规浸出条件下,锰的浸出率为94.36%,选择性浸出率为61.57%;固液比为0.04,其他条件相同增加添加剂后,锰的浸出率为93.65%,选择性浸出率为89.67%,选择性浸出率得到明显提升,这是因为增加添加剂后浸出渣中易形成石膏物相,使钙元素更易留在渣相中而非溶液相,从而有助于提高Mn^(2+)的选择性浸出率。浸出动力学分析表明,锰的浸出属于固体产物层扩散控制,添加剂辅助浸出反应的活化能(1.20 kJ/mol)低于常规浸出的反应活化能(4.85 kJ/mol)。通过添加剂辅助浸出,实现源头上有效抑制菱锰矿中钙、镁杂质组分的浸出,为后续除杂工序和高纯锰系产品的制备提供研究基础。
The direct acid leaching process of low⁃grade rhodochrosite has problems such as long and complex process flow and large discharge of waste water and residue.In this paper,the low⁃grade rhodochrosite from Guizhou was used as raw ma⁃terial,and the effects of leaching conditions on the leaching of manganese and the main impurities of calcium,magnesium and iron were investigated by additive⁃assisted leaching.The phase,morphology and leaching kinetics of manganese before and after leaching were also analyzed.The results were compared with those of the direct acid leaching process.The results revealed that the leaching rate of manganese was 94.36%and the selective leaching rate was 61.57%under the conven⁃tional leaching conditions of sulfuric acid concentration of 0.5 mol/L,leaching temperature of 55℃,solid⁃liquid ratio of 0.08 g/mL and reaction time of 120 min.For additive⁃assisted leaching(solid⁃liquid vatio of 0.04 g/mL),the leaching rate of manganese was 93.65%,the selective leaching rate was 89.67%.Under such circumstances,gypsum phases were more likely to form in the leaching residue,and calcium was more likely to remain in the residue phase rather than in the solution phase,which was conducive to improving the selective leaching rate of Mn^(2+).The leaching kinetics analysis showed that the leaching of manganese belonged to the diffusion control of the solid product layer,and the activation energy of the conven⁃tional leaching reaction was 4.85 kJ/mol,and the activation energy of the additive⁃assisted leaching reaction was 1.20 kJ/mol.The impurity components could be effectively inhibited at the source the leaching process by additive⁃assisted leaching,which provided a research basis for the subsequent impurity removal process and the preparation of high⁃purity manganese products.
作者
谢子楠
龚廷廷
彭寿红
陈诚
杨应昌
石维
XIE Zinan;GONG Tingting;PENG Shouhong;CHEN Cheng;YANG Yingchang;SHI Wei(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Tongren University,Tongren 554300,China)
出处
《无机盐工业》
北大核心
2025年第12期63-70,共8页
Inorganic Chemicals Industry
基金
铜仁市科技支撑计划项目(铜市科研[2022]88)
铜仁学院博士启动基金项目(trxyDH2101)。
关键词
低品位菱锰矿
添加剂辅助浸出
金属杂质
浸出动力学
low⁃grade rhodochrosite
additive⁃assisted leaching
metal impurities
leaching kinetic
