摘要
热液作用作为深部流体与浅表沉积系统的物质-能量交换过程,对沉积环境、成岩与有机质富集具有关键控制作用,在我国典型含油气盆地中时空分布特征显著。本次研究基于矿物学、岩性及元素-同位素证据,系统归纳并识别了热液成因矿物组合(如白云石、黄铁矿、自生石英)及地球化学指纹(如Fe、Mn与轻稀土元素富集、Eu异常与低δ^(18)O),总结了典型岩性组合(如硅质岩-黑色页岩、碳酸盐岩-有机质互层)。在区域对比与多方法框架下,总结了热液作用对沉积盆地的地质记录及古环境改变的影响。热液流体通过改变水体氧化还原梯度、补给营养盐(N、P、Fe和Si等)、调节温盐结构和水体分层改变了盐度与局部碳循环,间接或直接影响初级生产力与有机质保存。总体上,热液作用对有机质呈现出“促进-抑制”的双向效应,其最终结果受热液温度、流体组成与构造背景等多因子共同制约。因此,深入探讨热液作用的时空分布及其对沉积环境的影响,有助于完善对烃源岩形成与演化过程的认识,并为含油气潜力评估提供科学依据。
As a material and energy exchange process between deep fluids and shallow depositional systems,hydrothermal activity exerts a crucial control on depositional environments,diagenesis,and organic matter enrichment,and shows significant spatial-temporal distribution in typical petroliferous basins of China.Based on mineralogical,lithological,and elemental-isotopic evidence,this study systematically summarizes and identifies hydrothermal mineral assemblages(e.g.,dolomite,pyrite,and authigenic quartz)and geochemical fingerprints(e.g.,enrichment of Fe,Mn,and light rare earth elements,Eu anomalies,and lowδ18 O values),and further outlines characteristic lithologic associations(e.g.,siliceous rock-black shale and carbonate-organic matter interbeds).Within a regional comparative and multi-proxy framework,the geological records and paleoenvironmental changes related to hydrothermal activity in sedimentary basins are synthesized.Hydrothermal fluids alter redox gradients,supply nutrients(N,P,Fe,Si,etc.),and regulate temperature-salinity structures and water column stratification,thereby modifying salinity and local carbon cycling,which indirectly or directly affect primary productivity and organic matter preservation.Overall,hydrothermal activity exerts a dual“promotion-inhibition”effect on organic matter enrichment,with the final outcome controlled by multiple factors including temperature,fluid composition,and tectonic setting.Therefore,exploring the spatial-temporal distribution and environmental impacts of hydrothermal activity can improve our understanding of source rock formation and evolution,and provide a scientific basis for hydrocarbon potential assessment.
作者
柳蓉
何天鑫
张浩然
刘强浩
张苡铭
Liu Rong;He Tianxin;Zhang Haoran;Liu Qianghao;Zhang Yiming(College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,China;Key Laboratory of Oil Shale and Coexistent Energy Minerals of Jilin Province,Changchun 130061,China)
出处
《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期1785-1805,共21页
Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42072122)。
关键词
沉积盆地
热液作用
沉积环境
地球化学
有机质
sedimentary basin
hydrothermal activity
sedimentary environment
geochemistry
organic matter
