摘要
【目的】本文旨在探索多点进水条件下分向缺氧-好氧(AO)生物膜工艺在处理低碳源生活污水时的自然挂膜启动特性,通过直接利用化粪池污水中的土著微生物进行自然挂膜,以期为该工艺在实际应用中的快速启动和高效运行提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】在试验期间,进水化学需氧量(COD)质量浓度为92.0~148.9 mg/L,总氮(TN)质量浓度为13.4~56.9 mg/L,平均碳氮比约为3.1∶1.0。挂膜启动过程分为好氧预挂膜和缺氧挂膜2个阶段,通过连续监测氨氮和COD去除率作为关键评价指标,并结合显微镜技术,从微观层面全面追踪生物膜形成与演变过程。【结果】在好氧预挂膜阶段,缺氧区域填料表面成功构建稳固生物膜基底,氨氮和COD去除率最高分别达到92.21%和79.21%。30 d的稳定运行后,系统进入缺氧挂膜阶段,氨氮和COD的去除率有所下降,最终分别稳定为70%和60%左右。显微镜观察证实,好氧区及缺氧区填料表面的生物膜附着紧密,结构稳定,表明自然挂膜过程已成功完成。【结论】分向AO生物膜工艺通过利用化粪池污水中的土著微生物进行自然挂膜,不仅操作简便、经济高效,且能在短短40 d内完成启动,展现出显著的污染物去除性能。该发现为低碳源污水处理领域提供了关键技术支撑,具有良好的工程应用价值和推广前景。
[Objective]This paper aims to explore the natural biofilm cultivation characteristics of a multi-point influent anoxic/oxic(AO)biofilm process in treating low-carbon domestic wastewater,utilizing indigenous microorganisms from septic tank effluent for natural biofilm formation,with the purpose of providing theoretical basis and technical support for rapid startup and efficient operation of this process in practical applications.[Methods]During the experimental period,the influent chemical oxygen demand(COD)mass concentration ranged from 92.0 mg/L to 148.9 mg/L,total nitrogen(TN)concentration varied between 13.4 mg/L and 56.9 mg/L,with an average carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of approximately 3.1∶1.0.The biofilm cultivation process was divided into two stages:aerobic pre-biofilm formation and anoxic biofilm cultivation.Key evaluation indices were continuously monitored through ammonia nitrogen and COD removal rates,complemented by microscopic techniques to comprehensively track biofilm formation and evolution at the microscale.[Results]Experimental findings revealed that during the aerobic pre-biofilm stage,a stable biofilm matrix was successfully established on the packing material surface in the anoxic zone,with peak removal rates of 92.21%for ammonia nitrigen and 79.21%for COD.After 30 days of stable operation,the system entered the anoxic biofilm stage,with removal rates slightly declining and ultimately stabilizing around 70%for ammonia nitrigen and 60%for COD.Microscopic observations confirmed that the biofilms in both aerobic and anoxic zones were tightly attached and structurally stable,indicating the successful completion of the natural biofilm cultivation process.[Conclusion]The research demonstrates that the multi-point inlet AO biofilm process,utilizing indigenous microorganisms from septic tank effluent for natural biofilm cultivation,is not only operationally simple and economically efficient but can also complete startup within a mere 40 days,exhibiting remarkable pollutant removal performance.This finding provides critical technical support for low-carbon wastewater treatment,suggesting promising engineering application prospects and potential for widespread implementation.
作者
葛俊
岳冬梅
陈晨
吴耀
束梦照
朱晓明
GE Jun;YUE Dongmei;CHEN Chen;WU Yao;SHU Mengzhao;ZHU Xiaoming(Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China)
出处
《净水技术》
2025年第12期94-99,共6页
Water Purification Technology
基金
中交上航局科研项目(SHJKJ-2022-004)。
关键词
农村生活污水
生物膜
挂膜启动
低碳氮比
缺氧-好氧工艺
rural domestic sewage
biofilm
biofilm culturing start-up
low C/N ratio
anoxic-oxic process
