摘要
战术导弹雷达天线罩的透波性能是决定其末制导系统探测精度与打击效能的关键因素。基于时域有限差分法,构建了典型的球形鼻锥雷达天线罩仿真模型,系统分析了在Ku波段(14,15,16 GHz)及宽扫描角范围(-60°~60°)内,罩壁厚度(5.8~6.4 mm)与材料介电性能(介电常数2.8~3.4,介电损耗0.005)对透波率的影响。结果表明,罩壁厚度对透波率影响显著,且其最优值随工作频率和天线扫描角度的变化而改变。在15 GHz下,天线罩头部区域(-20°方位角)的透波率随罩壁厚度增加从58%提升至85%。材料介电常数是影响透波率的另一关键参数,随着频率升高,其影响机制趋于复杂和敏感,尤其在高频条件下,介电常数的微小变化会导致透波率趋势的显著改变。研究揭示了战术导弹雷达天线罩透波性能受罩壁厚度与材料介电常数复杂耦合作用,且该耦合效应随频率与入射角动态演变。因此,在工程设计中需对二者进行协同优化,并综合考虑实际工作频段与天线扫描范围,以实现宽角域、宽频带内的高效透波性能。
The transmission performance of a tactical missile radome is a critical factor determining the detection accuracy and strike effectiveness of its terminal guidance system.Based on the finite difference time domain method,a simulation model of a typical spherical nose-cone radome was developed.The effects of the wall thickness(5.8 mm to 6.4 mm)and the material dielectric properties(dielectric constant of 2.8 to 3.4 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.005)on the transmission rate were systematically analyzed across the Ku-band(14,15,16 GHz)and a wide scanning angle range(-60°to 60°).Results demonstrate that the thickness of the mask wall has a significant impact on the wave transmission rate,and its optimal value varies with the operating frequency and scanning angle.At 15 GHz,the transmission coefficient for the radome nose region(at-20°azimuth)increases from 58%to 85%as the wall thickness increases from 5.8 mm to 6.4 mm.Dielectric constant of materials is another crucial parameter determining the transmission performance.As the frequency increases,the influence of the dielectric constant becomes more complex and sensitive,particularly under high-frequency conditions,slight variations in the dielectric constant can lead to significant changes in the transmission coefficient trend.This study reveals that the transmission performance of the tactical missile radome is governed by a complex coupling effect between the wall thickness and the material dielectric constant,and this coupling effect evolves dynamically with frequency and incidence angle.Consequently,synergistic optimization of both wall thickness and dielectric constant must be performed in the engineering design,and taken into account the actual operating frequency band and antenna scanning range,to achieve high transmission performance across wide angular and frequency ranges.
作者
刘晓菲
骆盛
于秋兵
付斌
郭国强
张亚坤
徐顶国
LIU Xiaofei;LUO Sheng;YU Qiubing;FU Bin;GUO Guoqiang;ZHANG Yakun;XU Dingguo(Xi´an Modern Control Technology Research Institute,Xi´an 710065,China;Shandong Institute of Nonmetallic Materials,Jinan 250031,China)
出处
《工程塑料应用》
北大核心
2025年第11期92-97,共6页
Engineering Plastics Application
关键词
雷达天线罩
透波率
罩壁厚度
介电常数
时域有限差分法
radome
transmission coefficient
wall thickness
dielectric constant
time domain finite difference method
