摘要
随着新能源装机容量的快速增长,电力系统中电力电子装备占比逐渐增高,而同步发电机的占比逐渐降低,导致电力系统的电压和频率缺乏支撑。为解决电力电子化电力系统中的电压构建问题,构网变流器逐渐引起了学术界和工业界的广泛关注与研究。然而,目前关于构网变流器的定义及其控制结构尚未达成统一共识,给相关研究带来了一定困扰。该文首先从电压构建的特征提出构网变流器的定义;随后,从功率约束和电流保护两个角度系统地梳理现有的典型构网变流器控制框架,其中功率约束体现为外环控制,而电流保护体现为内环控制;通过综合这两个视角,为现有控制策略提供一个统一的研究框架,方便学术界和工业界对于构网变流器的本质理解和应用;不同于已有文献中普遍基于模拟同步发电机的角度,直接从电压源属性和变流器运行约束的角度来阐述构网变流器的推演过程,并提出统一控制框架,为相关领域的研究和应用提供一定参考。
With the rapid growth of the installed capacity of renewable energy,the proportion of power electronic devices in the power system has gradually increased.At the same time,the share of synchronous generators has declined.This has led to a lack of support for voltage and frequency stability in the power system.To address the voltage construction issue in power systems with a high degree of power electronic integration,grid-forming(GFM)converters have attracted widespread attention and research from academia and industry.However,the definition and control structure of GFM converters have not yet reached a unified consensus,which has created challenges for related research.This paper first presents the definition of GFM converters based on the characteristics of voltage construction.It then systematically reviews the typical control frameworks for GFM converters from the perspectives of power constraints and current protection.Power constraints are reflected in the outer loop control,while current protection is addressed in the inner loop control.By integrating these two perspectives,this paper provides a unified research framework for existing control strategies,facilitating a better understanding and application of GFM converters in both academia and industry.Distinct from existing literature that predominantly derives GFM converter behavior from the perspective of emulated synchronous generators,this paper formulates the analysis directly based on the voltage source nature and operational constraints of converters.A unified control framework is proposed,offering valuable insights for future research and practical applications in related fields.
作者
吴超
王尽颢
王勇
詹长江
WU Chao;WANG Jinhao;WANG Yong;ZHAN Changjiang(School of Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Minhang District,Shanghai 200240,China;NR Electric Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211102,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《中国电机工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第23期9376-9391,I0025,共17页
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
基金
智能电网国家科技重大专项(2030)(2024ZD0801200)。
关键词
构网变流器
电压源属性
功率约束
电流保护
grid-forming converters
voltage source characteristic
power constraint
current protection
