摘要
预先掌握地质体的类型、位置和分布范围等信息,对保障煤矿的安全高效开采至关重要。针对二维地面耦合式地质雷达(GPR)在确定断层破碎带等地质异常体的走向和方位等方面存在一定的局限性,以及在煤矿井下紧贴工作面进行探测安全风险较高的问题,提出了一种确定前方隐蔽致灾地质体位置、方位的空间扫描三维GPR方法。首先,依托贴近实际情况的断层破碎带理论模型,利用有限差分法进行正演数值模拟,分析断层破碎带在不同物质充填条件下的时域响应特性;其次,以地质条件复杂的绿塘煤矿为研究对象,采用空气耦合三维GPR多角度多方位地多次采集该矿+1730水平运输大巷的数据,利用时间剖面分析、纵横切片对比分析等手段解释超前探测结果;最后,结合钻探与现场揭露数据验证隐蔽致灾地质体方位预测的结果。结果表明:煤矿井下应用空气耦合三维GPR能够准确识别前方30 m范围内的断层破碎带地质体;滤波和小波变换技术能够有效地从信噪比较低的信号中提取有效波信息;结合正演数值模拟可以更为准确地解释实际探测剖面信息。研究结果为三维GPR在煤田隐蔽致灾地质体超前探测技术的进一步发展和应用提供了实践基础。
Identifying the type,location and distribution of geological bodies in advance is crucial to ensure safe and efficient coal mining.Referring to the limitations of traditional 2D ground-coupled Ground-Penetrating Radar(GPR)in determining the direction and orientation of geological anomalies such as fault fracture zones,along with the significant safety risks associated with close-range detection near the working face in underground coal mines.A spatial scanning 3D GPR method is proposed for determining the position and orientation of concealed hazardous geological structures ahead.Firstly,by drawing on the theoretical model of fault fracture zone approximating to actual conditions,the forward numerical simulation was carried out using the finite difference method to analyze the time-domain response of fault fracture zone under different filling conditions.Secondly,a case study was performed on the Lvtang coal mine with complex geological conditions.Air-coupled 3D GPR was used to repeatedly collect multi-angle and multi-directional data from the+1730 horizontal transportation roadway of the mine.The advanced detection results were interpreted through time-profile analysis and comparative analysis of vertical and horizontal slices.Finally,the predictions for the orientation of hidden disastercausing geological body were validated based on drilling and field exposure data.Results show that the underground application of air-coupled 3D GPR could accurately identify the geological body of the fault fracture zone within a 30-meter range in front of the mine.Filtering and wavelet transform techniques could extract valid wave information from signals with low signal-to-noise ratio.When combined with forward numerical simulation,they enabled a more accurate interpretation of the actual detection profiles.This study provides a practical basis for the further development and application of 3D GPR in the advanced detection of hidden geological bodies in coalfields.
作者
陈豪
陈送祥
张伟
王鑫
邹冠贵
刘毅
陈培红
付小敬
张龙飞
CHEN Hao;CHEN Songxiang;ZHANG Wei;WANG Xin;ZOU Guangui;LIU Yi;CHEN Peihong;FU Xiaojing;ZHANG Longfei(College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Mining Engineering,Guizhou University of Engineering Science,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China;Dafang Lvtang Coal Mine Limited Liability Company,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China;State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《矿业科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1029-1041,共13页
Journal of Mining Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3211002)
国家自然科学基金(42274165)。
关键词
煤田
断层破碎带
地质雷达
数值模拟
信号处理技术
coalfield
fault fracture zone
ground-penetrating radar
numerical simulation
signal processing technology
