摘要
河套地区鼠疫于1941年10月暴发,传染速度迅猛,影响范围广大,且死亡率极高。疫情造成民生凋敝、经济崩坏、社会秩序几近瓦解,更重创傅作义驻防部队的战斗力,使军政体系受到严重冲击。绥远政府在鼠疫发生后迅速展开医疗救治,成立各级应急防疫组织,实施交通管制与隔离患者,调查传染源并建立报告制度,开展应急预防接种、清洁消毒环境等工作。尽管受条件限制,防疫存在医生、药物不足,措施执行不到位等问题,但这些举措仍有效遏制了疫情,为后续防疫积累了经验。此后,河套地区逐渐建立起更为完善的防疫体系,整体抗灾能力得以提升,民众生活习惯和心理健康有所改善,社会保障体系与防疫机制逐渐得到加强与完善,推动了河套地区的社会近代转型。
The plague in the Hetao Area broke out in October 1941,characterized by rapid transmission,a wide impact range,and an extremely high mortality rate.The epidemic led to the decline of people’s livelihoods,economic collapse,and the near collapse of social order.It also dealt a heavy blow to the combat effectiveness of Fu Zuoyi’s garrison troops,severely impacting the military and political system.After the outbreak of the plague,the government of Suiyuan promptly launched medical treatment efforts,established emergency epidemic prevention organizations at various levels,implemented traffic controls and patient quarantines,investigated sources of infection and set up reporting systems,and carried out emergency vaccination and environmental sanitation and disinfection measures.Despite constraints such as a shortage of doctors and medicines and inadequate implementation of measures,these initiatives still effectively contained the epidemic and accumulated valuable experience for subsequent epidemic prevention efforts.Subsequently,a more refined epidemic prevention system was gradually established in the Hetao Area,the overall disaster resilience was enhanced,people’s living habits and mental health improved,and the social security system and epidemic prevention mechanisms were progressively strengthened and improved.These developments promoted the modern transformation of society in the Hetao Area.
作者
张小雄
崔思朋
ZHANG Xiaoxiong;CUI Sipeng(Research Base of Consolidating the Consciousness of Chinese National Community,Inner Mongolia University)
出处
《南京林业大学学报(人文社会科学版)》
2025年第5期108-122,共15页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
内蒙古大学2025年博士研究生科研创新项目“1941-1942年河套地区鼠疫防疫与医疗救治研究”(11200-54220396)。
关键词
河套地区
鼠疫
防疫
医疗救治
近代转型
Hetao Area
plague
epidemic prevention
medical treatment
modern transformation
