摘要
政府采购和政府补助作为财政资源的重要组成部分,是产业政策发挥功效的重要工具,其是否以及如何影响企业数字化转型还有待挖掘和证实。利用2015-2021年中国政府采购合同百万级大数据和上市企业数据,基于需求侧和供给侧政策工具的双重视角,研究政府采购和政府补助对企业数字化转型的影响及其内在机理。结果显示:(1)整体上,政府采购可以促进企业数字化转型,而政府补助的作用不显著,两者交互作用呈现竞争性关系。(2)机制检验表明,需求侧的政府采购通过发挥资源效应和信号效应促进企业数字化转型;而供给侧的政府补助虽然也存在一定的资源效应和信号效应,但主要体现了投机效应,未能有效提升企业研发投入和现金流,反而会诱导企业过度追求金融化。(3)企业内部能力差异检验发现,政府采购对中小企业和创新能力较弱企业数字化转型的作用显著,政府补助则能有效提升创新基础较强的企业推进数字化转型;此外,不管是对中小企业还是大型企业,政府补助都抑制了企业的现金流和促进了企业的金融化。因此,决策者评估和调整现有财政资源配置政策时,可从需求侧和供给侧双向着手,加强供给侧与需求侧政策工具的协同效应,以促进企业加快数字化转型步伐。
As critical components of fiscal resources,government procurement and subsidies serve as essential instruments for policy efficacy.Whether and how they influence enterprise digital transformation remains to be explored and verified.Based on large-scale data from Chinese government procurement contracts and listed companies from 2015 to 2021,this paper examines the impact and underlying mechanisms of gov ernment procurement and subsidies on enterprise digital transformation from both demand-side and supply-side perspectives.The findings reveal that:(1)Overall,government procurement promotes enterprise digital transformation,whereas the effect of subsidies is not significant and may even compete with procurement.(2)Mechanism analysis shows that government procurement facilitates digital transformation via resource and signaling effects.In contrast,although subsidies also exhibit certain resource and signaling effects,they primarily induce speculative behavior,failing to effectively enhance enterprise R&D investment and cash flow,and instead leading to excessive financialization.(3)Further analysis reveals that government procurement significantly supports the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)and firms with weaker innovation capabilities.Subsidies,however,are more effective in promoting digital transformation among enterprises with a stronger innovation foundation.However,regardless of enterprise size,subsidies tend to suppress enterprise cash flow and encourage financialization.These findings suggest that policymakers should consider both demand-side and supply-side instruments when evaluating and adjusting fiscal resource allocation strategies.Enhancing the synergy between these two types of policy instruments can better support and accelerate the digital transformation of enterprises.
作者
李剑培
邓雪莲
LI Jian-pei;DENG Xue-lian
出处
《产经评论》
北大核心
2025年第6期123-140,共18页
Industrial Economic Review
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“数字产业集群政策赋能专精特新企业创新发展的机理及路径研究”(批准号:25YJC790056,主持人:李剑培)
广东省哲学社会科学规划2025年度青年项目“新质生产力赋能广东专精特新企业高质量发展的机理与路径研究”(批准号:GD25YYJ04,主持人:李剑培)
国家社会科学基金青年项目“空间网络视角下城市合作创新的结构、机制及对策研究”(批准号:25CJY131,主持人:胡晓丹)
国家自然科学基金青年项目“大国竞争背景下技术‘卡脖子’冲击传导机制及其对企业供应链重塑的影响”(批准号:72503052,主持人:程嘉嘉)。
关键词
数字经济
企业数字化转型
政策性资源
政府采购
政府补助
digital economy
enterprise digital transformation
policy-derived resources
government procurement
government subsidies
