摘要
目的:调查年龄≥65岁老年人骨质疏松症的患病现状,分析其影响因素,为老年人骨质疏松症的预防和治疗提供科学依据。方法:采用横断面调查方法,选取2022年12月至2024年12月在北京市中关村医院全科医学科门诊就诊的年龄≥65岁老年人582例作为研究对象。采用双能X线骨密度仪测定骨密度,通过问卷调查收集一般资料和相关危险因素。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析骨质疏松症的影响因素。结果:582例老年人中,骨质疏松症患者245例,患病率为42.1%。骨质疏松症和非骨质疏松症老年人年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟史、饮酒史、缺乏运动、未补充钙剂、维生素D缺乏、女性绝经年龄对比,差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,年龄≥75岁、女性、BMI<23 kg/m^(2)、吸烟史、饮酒史、缺乏运动、未补充钙剂、维生素D缺乏、早绝经(<50岁)均与老年人发生骨质疏松症相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥75岁、女性、BMI<23 kg/m^(2)、吸烟史、缺乏运动、维生素D缺乏是导致老年人发生骨质疏松症的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。骨质疏松症患病率随年龄的增长而升高,≥80岁老年人患病率最高(P<0.05)。结论:年龄≥65岁老年人骨质疏松症的患病率较高,年龄≥75岁、女性、BMI<23 kg/m^(2)、吸烟史、缺乏运动、维生素D缺乏是其独立影响因素。针对高危人群应加强骨质疏松症的筛查和预防。
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis in the elderly aged≥65 years and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly.Methods:A crosssectional survey was conducted,selecting 582 elderly patients aged≥65 years who attended the outpatient department of General Practice at Beijing Zhongguancun Hospital from December 2022 to December 2024 as the study subjects.Bone mineral density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.General information and related risk factors were collected via questionnaires.Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of osteoporosis.Results:Among the 582 elderly patients,245 were diagnosed with osteoporosis,yielding a prevalence rate of 42.1%.Statistically significant differences(P<0.05)were found between the osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis groups in terms of age,gender,BMI,smoking history,drinking history,lack of exercise,non-supplementation of calcium,vitamin D deficiency,and age at menopause in females.Univariate analysis showed that age≥75 years,female gender,BMI<23 kg/m^(2),smoking history,drinking history,lack of exercise,non-supplementation of calcium,vitamin D deficiency,and early menopause(<50 years)were all associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis in the elderly aged≥65 years(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age≥75 years,female gender,BMI<23 kg/m^(2),smoking history,lack of exercise,and vitamin D deficiency were independent risk factors for osteoporosis in the elderly aged≥65 years(P<0.05).The prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age,with the highest prevalence observed in those aged≥80 years(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of osteoporosis is high among the elderly aged≥65 years.Age≥75 years,female gender,BMI<23 kg/m^(2),smoking history,lack of exercise,and vitamin D deficiency are independent influencing factors.Screening and prevention of osteoporosis should be strengthened for high-risk populations.
作者
杨源
玄红梅
张凌
崔光淑
皇甫晓霞
李晶晶
YANG Yuan;XUAN Hongmei;ZHANG Ling;CUI Guangshu;HUANGFU Xiaoxia;LI Jingjing(Department of General Practice,Beijing Zhongguancun Hospital,Beijing 100190,China)
出处
《延边大学医学学报》
2025年第12期13-16,共4页
Journal of Medical Science Yanbian University
基金
北京市中关村医院科研培育专项资金(编号:Y202204)。
