摘要
森林消防水炮射水时由于受空气阻力、重力等作用力的影响,水柱会出现扩散、散落等现象,造成流量损失.为提高消防水炮节水率,以PSKD80电控消防水炮为研究对象,对水炮射流发散原因进行研究分析,寻找优化方法,提出一种新型双弯管主体结构的解决办法.采用Fluent软件对消防水炮的2种结构(单弯管、双弯管)内部流动进行了数值模拟,对比和分析了水力损失和出口流态.通过试验验证,并对比2种结构在相同射流角度下的节水率、射流距离、出口发散状态.结果表明:相同射流角度下,双弯管形式水炮射程优于单弯管,最远射程提高了2.3 m,最远射程节水率提高了2.4%,水柱集中落点范围更大.随着射流角度的增加,2种形式弯管流柱发散程度均出现增加,因此在保证灭火需求的前提下,应尽量减小射流角度.研究结果对消防水炮流道优化设计具有积极意义,可为消防水炮设计提供新的思路.
When operating a forest fire water cannon,air resistance,gravity,and other forces cause the water column to disperse and scatter,leading to flow losses.To improve the water-saving efficiency of fire water cannons,the PSKD80 electronically controlled fire water cannon was selected as the research object to study and analyze the causes of jet dispersion,and optimization methods were explored to propose a new dual-elbow structure for the fire water cannon body.Fluent software was used to numerically simulate the internal flow of two fire water connon structures(single-elbow and dual-elbow),and the hydraulic losses and outlet flow patterns were compared and analyzed.Experiments were conducted to validate the results,comparing water saving rate efficiency,jet distance,and outlet dispersion at the same jet angles for both structures.The results show that at the same jet angle,the dualelbow pipe water cannon outperforms the single-elbow pipe,increasing maximum range by 2.3 meters and improving water-saving efficiency by 2.4%at the farthest range,while also providing a larger focused landing area for the water column.As the jet angle increases,both structures exhibit greater jet dispersion.Therefore,to meet firefighting requirements,minimizing the jet angle as much as possible is recommended.This research offers valuable insights into optimizing water cannon flow path design and provides new ideas for future fire water cannon development.
作者
孙术发
张冬波
徐璨
周子轩
SUN Shufa;ZHANG Dongbo;XU Can;ZHOU Zixuan(College of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China)
出处
《排灌机械工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期1228-1235,共8页
Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0207800-04)。
关键词
消防水炮
节水率
弯管
数值模拟
水力性能
fire water cannon
water-saving rate
elbow
numerical simulation
hydraulic performance
