摘要
现行三峡-葛洲坝梯级水务计算存在显著的水量不平衡问题,即三峡出库水量与区间来水之和显著小于葛洲坝入库水量,这一工程难题严重影响预报调度等生产实践。通过大量的数据分析,发现水量不平衡的原因是葛洲坝的水头损失有待修正,从而导致计算的发电流量偏大。为此,构建了以三峡-葛洲坝梯级水量平衡为目标的水头损失模型,依据机组类型设置约束条件,利用复合形进化算法优化求解多峰高维问题的优势,率定了葛洲坝各机组的水头损失系数,以此修正葛洲坝发电流量。验证期2024年全年,三峡、葛洲坝之间的水量偏差由115.16亿m^(3)减小至1.56亿m^(3),葛洲坝机组平均水头损失由28.31 cm修正为6.27 cm。该研究可显著改善由于发电流量计算误差导致的梯级水库水量不平衡问题。
By previous calculations,a significant imbalance has occurred for decades long in the upstream and downstream flows of the Three Gorges reservoir and Gezhouba reservoir,severely affecting the practices of flow forecasting,reservoir operation,and power production.After examining the inflow and outflow on different scales,we find that this imbalance is caused by the errors in the previous calculations of power generation flows,and the underlying cause is the poor calculation method of head loss around the Gezhouba dam.This paper develops a novel head loss model for achieving the water balance of the two reservoirs.We adopt the latest unit characteristic curves and the Shuffled Complex Evolution Algorithm in our calibration of the head loss coefficients for each generating unit,and apply the corrected loss coefficients to the calculations of power generation flows,achieving satisfactory water balance results.For the whole year of 2024,or the verification period,our calculations reduce the water volume gap from 11.52 billion m^(3) to 0.16 billion m^(3),and correct the previous average head loss of 28.31 cm to a new smaller value of 6.27 cm.Thus,this study significantly reduces water imbalance in cascade reservoirs caused by power generation flow calculation errors.
作者
鲍一凡
刘攀
张玮
刘园
赵辉
刘洋
张奥南
BAO Yifan;LIU Pan;ZHANG Wei;LIU Yuan;ZHAO Hui;LIU Yang;ZHANG Aonan(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Three Gorges Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 101199,China;China Yangtze Power Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430014,China)
出处
《水力发电学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期30-39,共10页
Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3202804)
中国长江电力股份有限公司资助(合同编号:Z242302048)。
关键词
水电站
机组特性
水头损失
水量平衡
进化算法
hydropower station
unit characteristics
head loss
water balance
evolutionary algorithms
