摘要
通过分步水解-缩聚法制备单相AlOOH-SiO_(2)复合溶胶,文章系统探究了溶胶质量分数、芳纶织物克重及纤维成分对其热防护性能(TPP)的影响规律。实验采用三因素对比方案,对7种芳纶织物进行溶胶浸渍-轧液-固化处理,通过热防护性能测试发现:莫来石溶胶处理显著提升织物TPP值,其中,低克重(低于200 g/m^(2))芳纶织物经28.6%溶胶处理后TPP值增幅达140.0%。阻燃黏胶纤维基材(70.0%)经44.4%溶胶处理后TPP值提升182.0%,优于芳纶基材(67.0%)。对比M2002型避火罩隔热层,文章开发的芳纶/莫来石复合材料(厚度0.4500 mm)在面密度降低51.4%(256 g/m^(2))的条件下,单位面密度TPP值提升109.0%[2.55(kJ·m^(2))/g],验证了其在轻量化消防防护装备中的应用潜力。研究结果表明,莫来石溶胶处理通过高温相变吸热机制优化热防护性能,为高性能阻燃材料的开发提供了新思路。
This study investigates the preparation of single-phase AlOOH-SiO_(2) composite sol via a stepwise hydrolysis-condensation method,systematically explores the influence pattern of sol mass fraction,aramid fabric grammage,and fiber composition on its thermal protective performance(TPP).The experiment adopts a three-factor comparative scheme,where seven types of aramid fabrics undergo sol impregnation-rolling-curing treatments.Through thermal protective performance testing,the results show that mullite sol treatment significantly enhances the TPP values of fabrics.Specifically,low-grammage(less than 200 g/m^(2))aramid fabrics treated with a 28.6%sol exhibit a 140.0%increase in TPP values.Flame-retardant viscose fiber-based materials(70.0%)show a 182.0%TPP value improvement at a 44.4%sol,outperforming aramid-based materials(67.0%).Compared with the M2002 fire shelter insulation layer,the developed aramid/mullite composite material(0.4500 mm)achieves a 51.4%reduction in areal density(256 g/m^(2))while increasing the thermal protective value per unit areal density by 109.0%[2.55(kJ·m^(2))/g],verifying its application potential in lightweight fire protection equipment.The results indicate that mullite sol treatment optimizes thermal protective performance through a high-temperature phase-change endothermic mechanism,providing new insights for the development of high-performance flame-retardant materials.
作者
何丽芬
杜欣宇
龙啸云
邓明月
赵梁宇
He Lifen;Du Xinyu;Long Xiaoyun;Deng Mingyue;Zhao Liangyu(Nantong Institute of Technology,Nantong 226000,China;Nantong University,Nantong 226000,China)
基金
2023年度南通理工学院科研项目[2022XK(Z)41]
南通理工学院优秀本科毕业论文培育计划(BS2026019)。
关键词
避火罩
莫来石溶胶
复合材料
热防护
fire shelter
mullite sol
composite materials
thermal protection
