摘要
为解决近声场重构精度受声阵列尺度和麦克风数量局限的问题,在不增加麦克风数量的基础上,提出一种虚拟阵圆环插值声场重建方法。基于近场声全息和阵列测量理论,以规则圆环阵为基础,以麦克风间距为参数,通过随机优化约束数值计算得出虚拟麦克风数量及位置,构建圆环虚拟阵。以虚拟麦克风为插值点,改造3次样条插值法,构造插值点的声压及其位置声矢量圆环插值函数,经插值运算快速重建圆环阵任意插值点的声压,增加声场重建的声压数据量,由声全息的声场重建公式重建声压场。数值仿真和实验结果表明:该方法可获得主瓣宽度12.73°、旁瓣抑制比23.52 dB的虚拟阵;与传统声场重建方法对比,频段1000~3000 Hz的声场重建精度提高11%;消声室实验中12个麦克风阵列的插值重建结果与55个麦克风阵列的实测重建结果一致,大幅降低测量成本。该方法不仅可有效重建近声场,而且适用于高频声场的重建,这为高频弱声源的识别提供了一条有效途径。
To address the issue of near-field reconstruction accuracy being limited by the size of the acoustic array and the number of microphones,a virtual circular array interpolation method for sound field reconstruction was proposed without increasing the number of microphones.Based on the theory of near-field acoustic holography and array measurement,a regular circular array was used as the foundation,with microphone spacing as a parameter.Random optimization constraints were applied,and the number and positions of virtual microphones were calculated through numerical methods,leading to the construction of a circular virtual microphone array.The cubic spline interpolation method was modified using the virtual microphones as interpolation points to construct a ring interpolation function for the sound pressure at the interpolation points and their spatial sound vectors.Through interpolation,the sound pressure at any point on the array was quickly reconstructed,increasing the acoustic pressure data available for acoustic field reconstruction.The acoustic pressure field was then reconstructed using the acoustic holography reconstruction formula.Numerical simulations and experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a main lobe width of 12.73°and a sidelobe suppression ratio of 23.52 dB.Compared with traditional sound field reconstruction methods,the accuracy of sound field reconstruction in the range of 1000 Hz to 3000 Hz frequency improves 11%.The interpolation reconstruction results of 12 microphone arrays in the anechoic chamber experiment are consistent with the measured reconstruction results of 55 microphone arrays,significantly reducing the measurement cost.This method not only effectively reconstructs the near-field sound field,but also is applicable to high-frequency sound field reconstruction,providing an effective means for identifying high-frequency weak sound sources.
作者
刘志红
赵耀
刘景轲
冯志鹏
王智勇
张海蕊
LIU Zhihong;ZHAO Yao;LIU Jingke;FENG Zhipeng;WANG Zhiyong;ZHANG Hairui(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Industrial Fluid Energy-Saving and Pollution Control,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266520,China;School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266520,China)
出处
《机床与液压》
北大核心
2025年第23期188-195,共8页
Machine Tool & Hydraulics
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(61871447)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023MF018)。
关键词
虚拟声阵列
圆环插值
近声场重建
virtual acoustic arrays
toroidal interpolation
near-field reconstruction
