摘要
CO_(2)灭火系统具有响应速度快、喷射平缓均匀、对原油不造成污染等优点,可以对站场储罐区实施有效的消防保护。但CO_(2)在输送和喷放过程中容易发生相变,生成的干冰会堵塞管道,导致系统失效灭火能力。针对上述问题,采用多相流瞬态OLGA软件建立物理模型,基于CO_(2)泄放实验对软件结果进行符合性验证,研究CO_(2)灭火系统的管网布置方式,分析主管道长度、主管径、喷头孔径、环境温度和储存状态等对流动参数的影响。结果表明,OLGA软件在压力、温度上的绝对误差满足工程实际需求,通过符合性验证;主管道长度越短、主管径越小、喷头直径越大,管道入口处的压降速率越大,管道入口处的温度越低;储存压力与管道入口温度呈正相关;当主管道长度超过1200 m或喷头孔径超过40 mm时,无法满足最低喷放压力的要求;模拟范围内,CO_(2)灭火系统的温度和压力均在三相点以上,不会产生干冰。该研究结果可为大型储罐灭火系统的设计提供实际参考。
CO_(2)fire extinguishing system has the advantages of fast response speed,smooth and uniform injection,and no pollution to crude oil,which can implement effective fire protection for storage tank areas in stations.However,CO_(2)is prone to phase change during transportation and discharge,and the generated dry ice can block pipelines,leading to system failure of fire extinguishing capability.To solve this problem,a physical model is established by using multiphase flow transient OLGA software,and the conformity of the software results is verified based on CO_(2)discharge experiments.The pipe network layout of CO_(2)fire extinguishing system is studied,and the effects of main pipe length,main pipe diameter,nozzle aperture,ambient temperature,and storage state on pipeline flow parameters are analyzed.The results show that the absolute errors of the OLGA software in pressure and temperature meet the practical requirements of engineering,and the conformity is verified.The shorter the length of the main pipe,the smaller the diameter of the main pipe,and the larger the diameter of the nozzle,the greater the pressure drop rate,and the lower the temperature at the entrance of the pipe.The storage pressure is positively correlated with the inlet temperature of the pipeline.When the length of the main pipeline exceeds 1200 m or the aperture of the nozzle exceeds 40 mm,the minimum discharge pressure cannot be met.In the simulation range,the temperature and pressure of the CO_(2)fire extinguishing system are above the triple point,and dry ice will not be generated.The research results can provide practical reference for the design of large storage tank fire extinguishing systems.
作者
聂鑫磊
NIE Xinlei(No.4 Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,CNPC)
出处
《油气田地面工程》
2025年第12期50-56,共7页
Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering
关键词
储罐
CO_(2)灭火系统
流动参数
符合性验证
管道
storage tank
CO_(2)fire extinguishing system
flow parameters
conformity verification
pipeline
