摘要
本研究于2020—2021年,以北京市云蒙山自然保护区中华斑羚(Naemorhedus griseus)、狍(Capreolus pygargus)和野猪(Sus scrofa)为研究对象,基于32台红外相机监测数据,利用R语言系统分析3种有蹄类物种的日活动节律特征及季节性动态变化。结果显示,3种有蹄类物种日活动节律呈现双峰形特征,狍与野猪在晨昏及午后时段出现明显活动高峰,中华斑羚表现出向夜间活动转变的倾向。中华斑羚和狍的日活动节律季节性变化不显著,野猪则存在年际间活动节律差异,持续保持其日间活动优势。3种同域分布的有蹄类物种通过占据差异化的时间生态位,有效缓解种间竞争压力,本研究为云蒙山自然保护区开展有蹄类物种长期监测与精准保护提供了可推广的技术路径。
This study focused on daily activity rhythms of three sympatric ungulate species[the Chinese goral(Naemorhedus griseus),roe deer(Capreolus pygargus),and wild boar(Sus scrofa)]in the Yunmengshan Nature Reserve,Beijing,from 2020 to 2021.Using monitoring data collected from 32 infrared cameras,we employed R software to systematically analyze their daily activity rhythms and seasonal dynamics.The results revealed that all three ungulate species exhibited bimodal daily activity patterns.Specifically,roe deer and wild boar showed distinct activity peaks during the morning and afternoon,whereas the Chinese goral displayed a tendency toward increased nocturnal activity.Further analysis of temporal activity patterns revealed no significant seasonal variation in the daily rhythms of the Chinese goral and roe deer.In contrast,the wild boar showed inter-annual variation in its activity rhythms and consistently maintained a predominance of diurnal activity.These findings suggest that the three ungulate species reduce interspecific competition by occupying distinct temporal niches.This study provides a methodological framework for the long-term monitoring and targeted conservation of ungulates in the Yunmengshan Nature Reserve.
作者
张德怀
李建
张鑫
赵建喜
伊德英
于思玉
乌日涵
ZHANG De-huai;LI Jian;ZHANG Xin;ZHAO Jian-xi;YI De-ying;YU Si-yu;WU Ri-han(Beijing Municipal Forestry and Parks Bureau,Beijing 101599,China;Beijing Yunmengshan Nature Reserve,Beijing 101513,China;College of Biological Science and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《环境生态学》
2025年第12期90-94,共5页
Environmental Ecology
基金
北京市密云区野生动物多样性保护技术研究(KY2019003)资助。
