摘要
针对爆炸压力罐内大水深爆炸实验中近场冲击波测量的技术难题,提出了一种基于激波管型结构的封闭环境下近场冲击波间接测量方法,为高压封闭环境下水下爆炸自由场冲击波参数的获取提供了新思路.该方法通过设计激波管型的测量结构,利用激波管内一维冲击波衰减特性,将管口捕捉的高幅值、高频近场冲击波转化为管尾可测的低幅值、低频冲击波,显著降低了实验测量难度.同时,该方法通过激波管管壁的多次反射,增大了爆炸压力罐内的后续反射波与直达波的初始相位差,实现了高压封闭环境下的自由场超压解耦测量.在激波管型测量结构的设计原理基础上,基于量纲方法对激波管型测量结构的冲击波参数反演方法进行了推导,并进一步给出了该测量结构的主要参数设计方法.为了证明测量反演方法的可靠性,在爆炸压力罐内开展了小当量炸药爆炸的冲击波测量实验,对测量方法进行了有效验证.本研究为高压封闭环境下的水下爆炸近场冲击波测量提供了一种低成本、高可行性的技术补充.
This study addresses the technical challenges associated with near-field shock wave measurement during large-depth underwater explosion tests conducted within explosive pressure vessels.A novel indirect measurement method is proposed,based on a straight-through cylindrical shock tube structure,specifically designed for near-field shock wave measurement in confined environments.This approach provides a new pathway for acquiring free-field shock wave parameters from underwater explosions,particularly offering critical insights for obtaining near-field freefield shock wave parameters under the demanding conditions of high-pressure confined environments.The core methodology involves the design of a straight-through shock tube-based measurement structure.Leveraging the inherent one-dimensional shock wave attenuation characteristics within this straight cylindrical tube configuration,the method effectively transforms the high-amplitude,high-frequency near-field shock wave captured at the tube entrance(proximal to the explosion source)into a measurable low-amplitude,low-frequency shock wave at the tube terminus.This transformation significantly reduces the experimental difficulties inherent in direct near-field measurement.Furthermore,by utilizing multiple reflections of the shock wave off the inner walls of the straight shock tube,the method successfully increases the initial temporal phase difference between the subsequent reflected waves propagating within the pressure vessel chamber and the direct wave.This enhanced temporal separation enables the decoupled measurement of free-field overpressure within the high-pressure confined environment.Building upon the design principles of this straight-through shock tube measurement structure,the shock wave parameter inversion method is rigorously derived using dimensional analysis.Subsequently,the key parameter design methodologies for this specific measurement structure are presented.To validate the reliability of both the measurement and inversion techniques,shock wave measurement experiments were conducted using small-equivalent explosives in an explosion pressure vessel.The experimental results provide effective verification of the proposed approach.The work presented in this study offers a low-cost and highly feasible practical complement to the techniques available for near-field shock wave measurement in underwater explosions conducted within high-pressure confined environments.
作者
姚熊亮
周晏霈
刘智博
Yao Xiongliang;Zhou Yanpei;Liu Zhibo(College of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)
出处
《力学学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2928-2938,共11页
Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金(12472366)资助。
关键词
水下爆炸
封闭环境
近场冲击波
压力测量
激波管
underwater explosion
confined environments
near-field shock wave
pressure measurement
shock tube
