摘要
为探究云南干热河谷4个番荔枝品种的果实品质,以及果肉初级代谢物组分与含量差异,筛选适宜在干热河谷区种植的高营养价值与高糖的番荔枝品种。本研究以云南干热河谷区的4个番荔枝品种[AP(African pride)番荔枝、大目释迦、凤梨释迦、榴莲释迦]为试验材料,测定其果实品质,并运用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术测定果肉初级代谢物的组分与含量。通过单因素方差分析(ANOVA)、主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)进行综合评价。结果显示,在云南干热河谷区4个番荔枝品种中,AP番荔枝的单果质量最大;大目释迦的果形为扁圆形,其余3个品种均为椭圆形;凤梨释迦的果实偏斜度(DD)最小;榴莲释迦的果实可溶性固形物(TSS)含量最高。4个番荔枝品种的果肉共检出43种初级代谢物,其中氨基酸9种,有机酸13种,肌醇1种及可溶性糖20种。通过主成分分析(PCA),榴莲释迦和大目释迦与其他品种明显分离;偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)以VIP≥1筛选出19种初级代谢物为特征性差异代谢物。从基本品质和初级代谢物水平来看,榴莲释迦的果实TSS及初级代谢物含量均最高,凤梨释迦的TSS含量适中且外规最规整。因此,这2个番荔枝品种可作为高营养价值和高糖品种在干热河谷区推广种植。
Fruit quality is the key indicator to measure the commodity value of fruit,and the indicators such as single fruit weight,fruit shape and fruit determination degree(DD)are particularly crucial,which directly affect consumers'desire to buy.In addition,primary metabolites are indispensable substances in the process of plant growth and development,which are widely present in all plants,providing basal metabolites and energy support for plant growth,development and reproduction.Primary metabolites such as sugars,organic acids,amino acids and inositol are the key factors affecting fruit quality,and they are also important criteria for measuring fruit flavor and texture.With the improvement of consumers'living standards and the pursuit of healthy fruits,a large amount of data is needed to screen out Annona squamosa varieties with high nutritional value and high sugar.Yunnan's hot and dry valley climate provides an excellent environment for the fruit to thrive.In order to explore the differences in fruit quality and the composition and content of primary metabolites in the pulp of the four varieties of A.squamosa in the dry and hot river valley of Yunnan Province,the varieties with high nutritional value and high sugar were screened.Four varieties(AP,Damu,Fengli and Liulian)from the planting base of Yuanjiang County,Yuxi City,Yunnan Province were used as the test materials.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to determine the composition and content of primary metabolites per unit weight of fresh fruit pulp,and the one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA),principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)were used for comprehensive analysis and evaluation.Among the four cultivars in the dry-hot valley area of Yunnan,AP A.squamosa had the largest single fruit weight.The content of soluble solids(TSS)in Liulian A.squamosa was the highest.The fruit shape of the Damu A.squamosa is oval,and the other three varieties are oblong;The fruit DD of Fengli A.squamosa was the smallest,and there was no significant difference among the other three cultivars.A total of 43 primary metabolites were detected in the pulp of the four cultivars,including 9 amino acids,13 organic acids,inositol and 20 soluble sugars.Further analysis of the contents of various primary metabolites in the pulp of the four varieties showed that the contents of sucrose,fructose,glucose,allulose,citric acid and malic acid were the main among the 43 primary metabolites.The contents of glucose,allulose,citric acid and malic acid in Liulian A.squamosa were significantly higher than those of other varieties,and the contents of sucrose and fructose in AP A.squamosa were significantly higher than those of other varieties.In addition,some primary metabolites had significant cultivarity specificity,among which leucine,acetamide acid,xylulose and threonate were only detected in AP A.squamosa.Trehalose is only detected in Liulian A.squamosa.Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the variance contribution rate of PC1 was 48.3%,that of PC2 was 25.8%,and that of cumulative variance was 74.1%.Partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)was used to screen 19 primary metabolites as the characteristic differential metabolites in VIP≥1,including 5 amino acids,serine,L-hydroxyproline,leucine,L-norvaline and L-glutamic acid.2 organic acids,acetamide and 2-ketoglutarate;7 soluble sugars,namely D-(+)-xylose,D-arabinose,hexapyranose,xylulose,L-threonose,L-(-)-fucose,sucrose,d-galactose,D-(+)-pinedisinose,maltose and D-(+)-cellobiose;and inositol.From the perspective of basic quality and primary metabolite level,the fruit TSS and primary metabolite content of Liulian A.squamosa were the highest,while the TSS of Fengli A.squamosa was moderate and the outer gauge was the most regular.Therefore,the two varieties can be promoted and planted as A.squamosa varieties with high nutritional value and high sugar in dry and hot river valleys.
作者
朱银潇
张碧蓉
丁海云
刘伟杰
闫素云
段敏仙
程运江
李健文
李健琪
周先艳
ZHU Yinxiao;ZHANG Birong;DING Haiyun;LIU Weijie;YAN Suyun;DUAN Minxian;CHENG Yunjiang;LI Jianwen;LI Jianqi;ZHOU Xianyan(Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China;Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China;Yuanjiang Hani Yi Dai Autonomous County Farmland and Agricultural Machinery Management Service Center,Yuanjiang,Yunnan 653300,China;Yuanjiang Hani Yi Dai Autonomous County Cultivation Development Service Center,Yuanjiang,Yunnan 653300,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2932-2940,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划项目(No.202105AD160049)
德宏州英才兴边计划项目(No.2022RC010,No.2022RC015)。
关键词
番荔枝
果实品质
初级代谢物
干热河谷
Annona squamosa
fruit quality
primary metabolites
hot river valley
