摘要
电梯钢带作为由钢丝绳演变而来的新型传动与承载构件,凭借柔性好、抗腐蚀能力强和传动效率高等特点,在现代电梯系统中已得到了广泛应用。然而,钢带在运行过程中长期受循环应力等因素影响,易引发内部钢丝绳磨损、断丝和断股等隐蔽性损伤,往往难以及时发现,严重威胁电梯运行安全。现有的检测方法存在响应慢、效率低或依赖停机检测等问题,难以满足钢带断丝的在线检测需求。为此,提出了一种基于电涡流检测的钢带内部钢丝绳断丝损伤检测方法。首先,考虑到钢带具有无自由端、连续结构及不易拆卸的特点,设计了一种具有空间环绕式绕线结构、可自由开合的外穿分段互感式涡流探头;其次,利用有限元仿真对该探头的匝数、提离值等关键参数进行分析与优化;最后,基于优化后的参数制作了分段互感式探头实物,搭建了试验平台开展钢带断丝损伤检测试验,同时在单股钢丝绳中注入不同断丝量以验证检测系统的性能。试验结果表明,该探头可在钢带运行速度为0.5 m/s的条件下稳定检测出至少4根的断丝损伤,感应信号与断丝数量呈正相关,具备良好的动态检测能力。研究结果为电梯钢带内部钢丝绳断丝在线检测提供了有效参考。
As a novel traction and load-bearing component derived from steel wire ropes,the elevator belt has been widely applied in modern elevator systems due to its flexibility,corrosion resistance,and high transmission efficiency.However,long-term cyclic stresses can induce hidden defects such as cord wear,broken wires,and strand fractures,which are difficult to detect in time and pose serious safety risks.Existing methods often suffer from slow response,low efficiency,or dependence on shutdown inspection,making them unsuitable for online detection of broken wires.To overcome these limitations,this study proposes an eddy current-based detection method for broken wires in elevator belt steel cords.A segmented mutual-inductance probe with a spatially wound,openable configuration was designed,and finite element simulations were conducted to optimize coil turns and lift-off parameters.Based on the optimized design,a prototype was fabricated and a test platform established.Sensitivity was first evaluated by introducing different numbers of broken wires into a single steel strand,followed by detection experiments on elevator belts.Results show that the probe can stably detect at least four broken wires at a belt speed of 0.5 m/s.The induced signal amplitude increases with the number of broken wires,and the system exhibits good dynamic detection capability.These findings provide a practical reference for online detection of broken wires in elevator belt steel cords and offer technical support for enhancing elevator safety and enabling preventive maintenance.
作者
魏义敏
孙小龙
冷孝丽
潘骏
Wei Yimin;Sun Xiaolong;Leng Xiaoli;Pan Jun(Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Reliability Technology for Mechanical&Electrical Product,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《仪器仪表学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期323-333,共11页
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
基金
浙江省重点研发计划(2024C01136,2024C01043)
国家自然科学基金(52075496)项目资助。
关键词
电梯钢带
钢丝绳断丝缺陷
涡流检测
互感式探头
有限元分析
elevator belt
broken wire defects
eddy current testing
mutual inductance probe
finite element analysis
