摘要
苹果园单位面积栽植株数太少,是导致苹果单产低的重要原因之一。因此,近年来各地除大力加密稀植园外,还在总结以往密植经验的基础上,因地制宜地建立新型密植园。大量资料证明,密植具有省地、早实、丰产、稳产、方便管理、提高工效等优点,已成为苹果栽培的新趋势。
There has been a new trend toward the production of apple on close planting with vigorous stocks in China.The purpose of this study was to find some of the suitable cultural systems and practices in close planting.In 1973,research plots were established in Mei County,Shensi province,with test varieties of Early Golden Delicious,Shensi Delicious and Golden Delicious planted on high density.The result of four-years study showed that under efficient orchard management,adopting such measures of stem girdling,bending and shoots twisting,trees were fruited and yielded 600 catties per acre in the second year after planting,and went over 6,000 catties per acre in the third year.As a matter of record,apple trees with vigorous stocks under new cultural systems were able to give heavy early fruiting.Preliminary experiment indicated that among the seven training systems used in comparison,the Overlapped Oblique form was more productive than the other.This Oblique form trained simply on four-wire trellis,each branch slanted at a 45°angle on another branch,and planted at the rate of 600 trees per acre.Other training systems are"Pillar"form,a system with curved central leader,and"Horizontal espalier"form,this is a kind of 1 or 2 wire trellis with 2 or 4 horizontal branches.These systems are also evaluated for more efficient production of high density plantings.Very high densities of about 6,000 trees per acre indicated that heavy early fruiting might be obtained in a few years but was not fruitful later,or fruited without any commercial benefits.Up to date,this system is still limited in a small area under typical cultural condition,perhaps it may be worthwhile in the future.
作者
汪景彦
Wang Jing-yen(Pomiculture Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
出处
《中国农业科学》
1979年第2期47-54,共8页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
