摘要
为了使小麦获得更高的产量,需要有更高丰产力的品种。如何培育具有更高丰产力的品种,目前普遍的看法是:在矮化育种基础上选育大粒型(千粒重高、粒饱粒大)的优良品种,而为了选育千粒重高的品种,必须有优良的大粒资源。
Since the founding of the people’s Republic of China,the TKW(Thousand Kernel Weight)of wheat varieties has been getting bigger and bigger.The mean TKW of the varieties was 31.4g at the time of beginning the Liberation,35.3g in the 1950’s,38.6g in the 1960’s and 40.5g in the 1970’s.The average TKWs of varieties bred in various provinces were different.They were restricted by ecological condition.The whole country was divided into four regions.When we intruduced a variety from one region to another,it showed difference in TKW because the ecological conditions were different.According to the results of investigation on the size of wheat grain we are of the opinion that the criterion for the TKW of big grain germplasm should be over 45g.Analysis of the pedigrees of big grain wheat varieties shows that the origins of these varieties are as follows:about 29.12%are derived from"Abbondanza",about 26.67%from"Orofen",22.10%from"Nan Da 2419",5.96%from"Funo",the total being 83.85%.The varieties whose TKWs above 60g.have a variety of parentage which consists of not only T.aestivum but also T.turgidum,T.durum,T.polonicum and Secale cereale,etc.
作者
丁寿康
钱曼楙
宋春华
李月华
姚玉环
Ting Shoukang;Chien Mangmou;Sung Chunhua;Li Yuehau;Yao Yuhuan(Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing)
出处
《中国农业科学》
1982年第1期43-48,共6页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
