摘要
水稻是中国最重要的农作物之一,水稻的增产对全国粮食增产有重大作用。水稻增产从本质上说是提高光能利用率的问题。水稻的光能利用既与水稻的生理生态特性有关,亦与气候条件有关。本文运用气候生态系统的观点研究水稻光能利用与气候条件的生态关系,试图阐明我国水稻在气候条件制约下的光能利用潜力,阐明我国各地水稻近期的增产潜力与途径,以及今后进一步增产的潜力与途径。
Rice growing season in China varies considerably from 110 days in the northeastern region to 365 days in the southeastern region.The total amount of photosynthetically active solar radiation within the rice growing season is higher in south China,where rice production can be increased by the multiple cropping system.The intensity of photosynthetically active solar radiation within the rice growing season is higher in north China,where the better way is to raise photosynthetic activity and CGR in rice production.A climato-ecological model was established to evaluate the solar energy utilization for rice.This model took account of the duration of rice season,daily average temperature,daily temperature range,solarradiation,dynamic index of optimum leaf area,partition percentage of dry matter accumulation devoted to rice yield in different growth stages,photosynthetic and respiration activities etc.Two level of rice productivity(potential and realistie)as well their relative solar energy utilization rate were evaluated.Potential solar energy utilization rate varies from 3.7 to 4.5%for double rice cropping system and 2.7—4.3%for single cropping rice.The potential productivity varies from 2,150 to 2,450 j/m(jin permu)for early rice,2,000—2,450 j/m for late rice and 2,150—3,350 j/m for single cropping rice.The realistic productivity varies from 1,000 to 1,300 j/m for early rice,1,000—1,300 j/m for late rice and 1,150—1,900 j/m for single cropping rice.The possible approaches for raising the rice yield in different regions were discussed.
作者
高亮之
郭鹏
张立中
林武
Gao Liangzhi;Guo Peng;Zhang Lizhong;Lin Wu(Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province)
出处
《中国农业科学》
1984年第1期17-23,共7页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
