摘要
品系配套杂交技术是杂种优势理论在家禽育种与生产上的具体运用,在当今世界各国广泛应用的商品杂交鸡则是它的产物。它们的基础是“品系”。自1974年起我所进行了“80”隐性白羽白洛克品系的选育工作,现将结果分述于下: 一、品系选育 品系选育的整个过程,主要是选择亲本,指定配偶,探索和运用已知的遗传规律进行系统的选择,以期达到预定的选育目标。指定配偶实际上就是确定交配系统。为了加速鸡群的纯合,同时暴露群体中的有害基因和性状,以利淘汰,因此,在选育中确立以近交为主体的交配系统。
The"80"-Rock strain comes from White Plymouth Rock.Its mating system has been sibbing,half-sibbing and quarter-sibbing since the second generation.The selective methods are family selection and within family selection.The selective characters are egg-laying performance,rate of fertilization and body weight at the age of 8-10 weeks.The inbreeding coefficient of the bird in the nine generations is 50%,the body weight at the age of 8 weeks is 14kg,the egg-laying number per bire is 82.Since we used the data of pedigree and progeny testing for the homozygosity of the recessive gene of white plumage,the genes of the"80"-Rock strain are(i/i),(c/c),(o/o),(e/e or E/e),and(law/law),When it crosses with coloured plumage birds(except the black),the plumage colour of F_(1)is yellow because of the effects of the genes.The utilization of the"80"-Rock strain can be summarized as folows:1."Inbred-variety cross"the male of the"80"-Rock strain crosses with the female local breed with yellow plumage.The body weight of F_(1)at the age of 80 days increases by over 36-86%as compared with that of the local breed.The conversion efficiency of F_(1)increases by over 12%.2.Combine the"80"-Rock strain with the"Suqin 85".There are two types of commercial broilers,one is called the"fast growing type"with body weight of 1.5kg at the age of 8 weeks.The other is called the"quality texture type"with body weight of 1.5kg at the age of 90 days.Both plumages are yellow.But the chicken texture of the latter is better than that of the former.The"80"-Rock strain is used as the paternal"of G.P.in the"Suqin 85"breeding system.When it crosses with the female of"K"strain,the number of eggs produced by Fis 180-200 because of nicking and heterosis.The female of Fis used in the two broiler’s type,so the"Suqin 85"is adaptable to the changing of the situation market.
作者
管镇
陈宏生
吕晓娟
张德高
郭叙林
Guan Zhen;Chen Hongsheng;Lu Xiaojuan;Zhang Degao;Guo Xulin(Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Poultry Science,Jiangdu,Jiangsu Province)
出处
《中国农业科学》
1986年第4期11-18,共8页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
