摘要
现有以人工为主的钢轨廓形测量方法效率低,无法满足钢轨大范围长距离测量的巨大需求,难以满足铁路高效运营的发展方向。本文基于激光三角测量原理进行钢轨廓形非接触测量技术研究,设计了连续钢轨廓形移动测量系统,以线激光传感器为核心测量元件,融合里程装置(Digital Measurement Unit,DMI)、惯性测量单元(Inertial Measurement Unit,IMU)和全球卫星导航定位系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)组合导航定姿定位技术,通过同步控制方法,集成车载式钢轨廓形移动测量系统装备,并与接触式MiniProf钢轨廓形仪比较,开展了静态和动态试验验证。结果表明:该移动测量系统的静态测量精度可以达到0.07 mm;测量速度在20 km/h以内时,动态测量精度在±0.10 mm以内。该移动测量系统能实现长距离钢轨廓形点云数据采集和三维模型重建,提取钢轨廓形、表观伤损等参数,有效替代人工测量,提高测量效率。
The existing manual-based rail profile measurement methods have low efficiency and cannot meet the huge demand for large-scale and long-distance measurement of rails,making it difficult to meet the development direction of efficient railway operation.This article is based on the measuring principle of laser triangulation to study the non-contact measurement technology of rail profile.A continuous rail profile mobile measurement system was designed,with a line laser sensor as the core measuring element,integrating DMI,IMU,GNSS integrated navigation and positioning technology.Through synchronous control method,the vehicle mounted rail profile mobile measurement system equipment is integrated,and compared with the contact MiniProf rail profile meter to carry out static and dynamic experimental verification.The results show that the static measurement accuracy of the mobile measurement system can reach 0.07 mm,and the dynamic measurement accuracy is within±0.10 mm when the measurement speed is within 20 km/h.This mobile measurement system can achieve long-distance rail profile point cloud data acquisition and 3D model reconstruction,extract parameters such as rail profile and apparent damage,which can effectively replace manual measurement,and improve measurement efficiency.
作者
赵冠闯
蒋俊
施以旋
侯银庆
刘永乾
许海龙
ZHAO Guanchuang;JIANG Jun;SHI Yixuan;HOU Yinqing;LIU Yongqian;XU Hailong(China Railway Materials Operation and Maintenance Technology Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100o71,China;School of Remote Sensing Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Wuhan Hanning Rail Transit Technology Corporation Limited,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《铁道建筑》
北大核心
2025年第11期20-26,共7页
Railway Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB2603700)
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2022G011,N2023G028)
中国博士后科学基金(2023TQ0253)。
关键词
线激光传感器
钢轨廓形
移动测量
点云模型
三维重建
测量精度
line laser sensor
rail profile
mobile measurement
point cloud model
3D reconstruction
measurement accuracy
