摘要
推动轨道交通网络跨层级、多制式融合运营,实现票务收益精准清分,是保障运营主体公平协同、提升乘客无感换乘体验的核心诉求。传统基于AFC系统的模糊清分方案,因路径估算偏差难以满足精准分账需求,而手机高普及率为无感追踪乘客轨迹提供天然应用优势。文章针对轨道交通清分数据采集的核心需求,系统综述4类基于手机的无感追踪技术及其应用方法:移动通信协议追踪技术依托3GPP协议演进实现不同精度定位;Wi-Fi追踪技术通过信号测距、指纹定位及信标探针适配多场景需求;卫星追踪技术借助伪卫星仿真与信号重发突破室内定位瓶颈;近超音频追踪技术利用人耳不敏感频段实现精准定位。4类技术可精准捕获乘客全路径时空数据,完善出行链信息,为清分系统提供可靠数据支撑,有效化解收益分配争议。研究成果为轨道交通精准清分体系构建提供技术参考,相关技术的融合优化与隐私保护机制将是未来重点研究方向。
Promoting cross-level,multi-system integrated operation of rail transit networks and achieving accurate clearance and apportionment of ticketing revenue are core demands for ensuring fair coordination among operating entities and enhancing passengers’imperceptible transfer experience.Traditional fuzzy clearance and apportionment schemes based on AFC systems,due to path estimation deviations,are difficult to meet the needs of accurate apportionment.The high penetration rate of mobile phones provides a natural advantage for contactless tracking of passenger trajectories.Addressing the core requirements of rail transit apportionment data collection,this article systematically reviews four categories of contactless tracking technologies based on mobile phones and their application methods:mobile communication protocol tracking technology relies on 3GPP protocol evolution to achieve different precision positioning;Wi-Fi tracking technology adapts to multi-scenario needs through signal ranging,fingerprint positioning,and beacon probes;satellite tracking technology breaks through indoor positioning bottlenecks using pseudolite simulation and signal retransmission;and near-ultra audio tracking technology utilizes covert frequency bands for precise and covert positioning.These four categories of technologies could accurately capture the full spatiotemporal data of passenger journeys,improve travel chain information,and provide reliable data support for the clearance and apportionment system,effectively resolving revenue apportionment disputes.The research results provide technical references for constructing a rail transit accurate clearance and apportionment system.The integration,optimization,and privacy protection mechanisms of relevant technologies would be key research directions in the future.
作者
吴俊
汪健雄
梁嘉文
张瀛丹
WU Jun;WANG Jianxiong;LIANG Jiawen;ZHANG Yingdan(Institute of Computing Technologies,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《现代城市轨道交通》
2025年第12期41-47,共7页
Modern Urban Transit
基金
上海市住房和城乡建设管理委员会科研项目(沪建科2024-Z02-001-10)
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2023YJ140)。
关键词
轨道交通
无感换乘
精准清分
手机追踪
rail transit
imperceptible transfer
accurate clearance and apportionment
mobile phone tracking
