摘要
为探明炭基肥施用对西辽河平原春玉米(Zea mays)生产的影响,以无肥为对照(CK),设置常规化肥处理(HF)、炭基肥处理(TF_(1))、炭基肥减量处理(TF_(2),炭基肥处理用量的80%),研究炭基肥施用对西辽河平原春玉米光合特性、物质积累转运和产量的影响。结果表明:施用炭基肥可以延缓玉米叶片衰老速率从而提高其光合能力,炭基肥处理的玉米穗位叶净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))、穗位叶SPAD值明显提高且均显著高于HF处理(P<0.05);干物质积累量表现为TF_(1)>TF_(2)>HF>CK;吐丝期和成熟期,茎、叶及其籽粒物质积累炭基肥处理均显著高于常规施肥(P<0.05)。TF_(1)处理春玉米产量最高,与TF_(2)差异不显著(P>0.05),但二者均显著高于HF处理(P<0.05)。综上所述,本研究中TF_(2)处理是相对适宜的西辽河平原灌区兼顾玉米生产和生态效益的管理模式。
To explore the effects of carbon-based fertilizer application on spring maize production in the Xiliao River Plain,a non-fertilization control(CK)was set up,along with the conventional chemical fertilizer treatment(HF),full carbon-based fertilizer treatment(TF_(1)),and reduced carbon-based fertilizer treatment(TF_(2),80%of the carbon-based fertilizer treatment dosage).The effects of carbon-based fertilizer application on the photosynthetic characteristics,biomass accumulation,transport and yield of spring maize in the Xiliao River Plain were studied.The results showed that applying carbon-based fertilizers delayed leaf senescence and thereby enhanced photosynthetic capacity.The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),and SPAD value of the ear leaf in the carbon-based fertilizer treatment were significantly increased and were all significantly higher than those in the HF treatment(P<0.05).Dry matter accumulation ranked in the following order:TF_(1)>TF_(2)>HF>CK.At the silking and maturity stages,dry matter accumulation in stems,leaves,and grains was significantly higher under the carbon-based fertilizer treatment than that under the conventional fertilization treatment(P<0.05).The yield of spring maize in the TF_(1) treatment was the highest,but it was not significantly different from that in the TF_(2) treatment(P>0.05);furthermore,both were significantly higher than that in the HF treatment(P<0.05).Therefore,the TF_(2) treatment is seemingly a relatively suitable management model for the Xiliao River Plain irrigation area,as it considers both maize production and ecological benefits.
作者
苏广鑫
邰继承
杨恒山
赵颖
刘蓉霏
王琪
SU Guangxin;TAI Jicheng;YANG Hengshan;ZHAO Ying;LIU Rongfei;WANG Qi(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Forage Crop Engineering Technology Research Center,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China;College of Grassland,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China;Tongliao Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Development Center,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《草业科学》
北大核心
2025年第11期2891-2899,共9页
Pratacultural Science
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2025SHZR1913)。
关键词
炭基肥
西辽河平原
春玉米
光合特性
物质积累
物质转运
产量
carbon-based fertilizer
Xiliao River Plain
spring maize
photosynthetic characteristics
biomass accumulation
photoassimilate translocation
yield
