摘要
目的:调查新疆英吉沙县7~16岁儿童和青少年近视前期(屈光度≤+0.75 D且>-0.50 D)患病率及其相关因素,为该地区近视防控提供依据。方法:在2024年5—6月采用简单抽样法选取新疆喀什地区英吉沙县一所中学和芒辛镇一所小学的学生进行问卷调查、视力、散瞳验光、眼轴、眼前段、眼底检查等横断面评估,分析纳入等效球镜(spherical equivalent, SE)度数较高眼的数据,采用单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析人口学特征、家族史、用眼行为、生活习惯等潜在相关因素与近视前期的关系。结果:共纳入3 247名参与者,男性占50.14%,女性占49.86%。近视前期1 652人(50.88%),近视621人(19.12%),非近视974人(30.00%)。近视前期患病率为50.88%(95%CI:49.16%~52.60%),近视患病率为19.12%(95%CI:17.81%~20.51%)。多因素回归分析显示,女性(OR=2.56, 95%CI:2.09~3.13, P<0.001)、较大年龄(OR=1.19, 95%CI:1.13~1.24, P<0.001)和较长眼轴(OR=2.68, 95%CI:2.31~3.11, P<0.001)是近视前期的相关因素。结论:在新疆喀什地区英吉沙县7~16岁儿童和青少年中,半数处于近视前期,其相关因素包括年龄偏大、女性及眼轴偏长。
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of pre-myopia(defined as spherical equivalent≤+0.75 D and>−0.50 D)and its related factors among children and adolescents aged 6–16 years in Yingjisha County,Xinjiang,China,providing evidence for regional myopia prevention.Methods:In May and June 2024,a comprehensive assessment was carried out on students selected through simple sampling from a middle school in Yingjisha County,Kashi,Xinjiang,and a primary school in Mangxin Town,Yingjisha County.The assessment included a questionnaire survey,visual acuity test,dilated eye refraction measurement,axial length measurement,anterior segment examination,and fundus examination.The data included eyes with high spherical equivalent(SE)power.Single-factor and multiple-factor logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics,family history,eyeuse behavior,lifestyle habits,and other potential related factors with pre myopia.Results:A total of 3,247 participants were included in the study,with 50.14%being male and 49.86%female.Among them,1,652(50.88%)individuals had preclinical myopia,621(19.12%)had myopia,and 974(30.00%)had non myopia.The preclinical prevalence of myopia was 50.88% (95% CI: 49.16-52.60), and the prevalence of myopia was 19.12% (95% CI: 17.81-20.51). Multivariate regression analysis showed that female (OR=2.56, 95% CI: 2.09-3.13, P<0.001), older age (OR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.13-1.24, P<0.001), and longer axial length (OR=2.68, 95% CI: 2.31-3.11, P<0.001) were related factors in the preclinical stage of myopia. Conclusions: Among children and adolescents aged 7-16 in Yingjisha County, Kashi, Xinjiang, Half were in the preclinical stage of myopia. The related factors include older age, female gender, and axial length.
作者
张恩恩
努尔斯曼·热吉
梁小红
张暖
梁嘉恩
陈美玲
何彩青
陈玲玲
张国辉
符君
许敬敏
地力木拉提·肖开提
付雪
蒋红文
王珣
ZHANG Enen;REJI·nuersima;LIANG Xiaohong;ZHANG Nuan;LIANG Jiaen;CHEN Meiling;HE Caiqing;CHEN Lingling;ZHANG Guohui;FU Jun;XU Jingmin;XIAOKAITI·dilimulati;FU Xue;JIANG Hongwen;WANG Xun(State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science,Guangzhou 510060,China;People's Hospital of Yingjisha County,Kashi,844599,China;The First People's Hospital of Kashi,Kashi,844099 China)
出处
《眼科学报》
2025年第10期797-806,共10页
Eye Science
关键词
儿童
青少年
近视前期
患病率
横断面研究
children
adolescents
pre-myopia
prevalence
cross-sectional study
