摘要
冬麻豆(Salweenia wardii)是中国珍稀濒危保护植物,作为横断山区干旱河谷的极小种群,其生境脆弱且破碎化严重,群落生态适应机制和保护策略仍缺乏系统研究。该研究基于文献资料和实地样方调查,初步明确了冬麻豆的地理分布范围。利用2023–2024年获取的28个样方调查数据,提出了冬麻豆群系分类的初步方案,并对群落结构与物种组成进行详细描述。结果表明:(1)冬麻豆群落集中分布在昌都市卡若区、八宿县、洛隆县和察雅县,并在昌都市卡若区卡若镇,八宿县夏里乡、拥巴乡和同卡镇等地形成优势群落,海拔分布范围为3083–3657 m(标本记录扩展至3000–4400 m);(2)群落内共记录到维管植物74种,隶属于28科55属,以禾本科、菊科和蔷薇科等旱生植物为主,生活型以落叶灌木与多年生草本为主,地理区系成分中泛热带和北温带成分共存,均体现其对季节性干旱的适应策略及横断山区过渡带的演化特征;(3)基于群落结构和物种组成差异,运用TWINSPAN分析将冬麻豆群系划分为6个群丛组和10个群丛;(4)冬麻豆种群自然更新能力低,依赖无性繁殖维持种群,亟需实施保护措施。该研究结果填补了冬麻豆群落分类研究的空白,可为区域生物多样性保护与生态系统恢复提供科学依据与实践指导。
Salweenia wardii,a rare and endangered protected plant in China,exists as an extremely small population in the arid valleys of the Hengduan Mountains.Its habitat is fragile and severely fragmented,and systematic research on its community-level ecological adaption mechanisms and conservation strategies remains lacking.Based on literature and field sample surveys,we initially delineated the geographical distribution range of S.wardii.Utilizing data from 28 survey plots collected between 2023 and 2024,we proposed a preliminary community classification scheme,accompanied by a detailed description of the community structure and species composition.The results showed that:(1)S.wardii communities were concentrated in Karuo District,Baxoi County,Lhorong County,and Zhag’yab County of Qamdo City,and formed dominant communities in Karuo Town,Gyari Township,Yongba Township,and Tonggar Town,with distribution altitudes ranging from 3083 to 3657 m(specimen records extending to 3000–4400 m).(2)A total of 74 vascular plants belonging to 28 families and 55 genera were recorded,mainly xerophytes in the families Gramineae,Asteraceae,and Rosaceae.The life forms spectrum,dominated by deciduous shrubs and perennial herbs,along with floristic characteristics featuring the coexistence of pan-tropical and north-temperate components,reflected their adaptive strategies to seasonal droughts and the evolutionary features of the transitional zone in the Hengduan Mountains.(3)Based on variations in community structure and species composition,S.wardii Alliance could be classified into 6 association groups and 10 associations.(4)The population exhibited low natural regeneration capacity and relied on asexual reproduction for maintenance,necessitating urgent conservation measures.Our findings fill a gap in the taxonomic study of S.wardii and provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for regional biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration.
作者
韦丹丹
杜燕
包维楷
胡斌
张瀚曰
王瀚婕
唐圆圆
黄龙
郭昌安
刘鑫
WEI Dan-Dan;DU Yan;BAO Wei-Kai;HU Bin;ZHANG Han-Yue;WANG Han-Jie;TANG Yuan-Yuan;HUANG Long;GUO Chang-An;LIU Xin(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610213,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《植物生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期1698-1709,共12页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2024YFF1306700)
四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0198)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0301)。
关键词
冬麻豆群系
地理分布
植被分类
群落结构
物种组成
Salweenia wardii Alliance
geographical distribution
vegetation classification
community structure
species composition
