摘要
针对汽车路噪有源控制中参考传感配置的优化问题,基于板腔耦合模型系统研究了参考传感器配置对有源控制系统降噪性能的影响.首先,建立板腔耦合数值模型计算板上力源到板/腔各个参考点和误差点的频域传递函数,其次通过该模型分析了参考信号与误差信号的相干性和系统因果性规律,最后在消声室中进行实验.研究结果表明,使用与激励源数量相等的参考传感器可在全频段(除频谱谷点外)实现接近1的相干性.对于系统因果性,COMSOL仿真结果表明腔体声反射显著劣化声参考信号的因果性,导致其维纳滤波降噪量远低于振动参考.增加壁面吸声系数能抑制反射声,使声参考降噪量提升至与振动参考相当.实验结果验证了仿真结论,为车载路噪有源控制系统的传感器布放提供了理论依据.
This study addresses the optimization of reference sensor configuration for active road noise control in vehicles.Based on a plate⁃cavity coupling model,the impact of reference sensor configuration on the noise reduction performance of active control systems is systematically investigated.Firstly,a numerical plate⁃cavity coupling model is established to obtain the frequency⁃domain transfer functions from the force sources on the plate to the reference and error points of the plate/cavity.The model is then used to analyze the coherence between reference and error signals and the system causality.Finally,experiments are carried out in an anechoic chamber.The results show that employing a number of reference sensors equal to the number of excitation sources achieves near⁃unity coherence across the full frequency band(except at spectral troughs).For system causality,simulation results based on the COMSOL finite element model demonstrate that acoustic reflections within the cavity significantly degrade the system causality of acoustic reference signals,resulting in substantially lower Wiener filter⁃based noise attenuation than that of vibration reference signals.Increasing the wall absorption coefficient effectively suppresses reflected sound and improves the noise reduction with acoustic reference signals to be comparable to that with vibration reference signals.The experimental results validate the simulation conclusions.This research provides a theoretical foundation for sensor placement in active road noise control systems for automotive applications.
作者
龙德辅
曾晓峰
邹海山
王淑萍
陶建成
Long Defu;Zeng Xiaofeng;Zou Haishan;Wang Shuping;Tao Jiancheng(Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210093,China)
出处
《南京大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第6期1017-1028,共12页
Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金(12304521)。
关键词
板腔耦合
有源噪声控制
相干性
因果性
plate⁃cavity coupling
active noise control
coherence
causality
