摘要
本研究旨在比较不同品种肉牛的生长性能、养分表观消化率、血液生理生化指标及血清免疫和抗氧化指标的差异。采用单因素试验设计,选取健康状况良好、体重为(410.73±52.13)kg的10月龄中国西门塔尔牛、夏洛莱牛、晋南牛和太行云牛公牛各10头,按品种分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头牛。试验期130 d,其中预试期10 d,正试期120 d,试验期间各组的饲粮和饲养管理条件一致。结果表明:1)中国西门塔尔牛、太行云牛和夏洛莱牛的平均日增重(ADG)显著高于晋南牛(P<0.05),中国西门塔尔牛和太行云牛的料重比(F/G)显著低于晋南牛(P<0.05)。2)4个品种肉牛在相同饲养条件下各养分表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)太行云牛血液白细胞数(WBC)显著高于中国西门塔尔牛和夏洛莱牛(P<0.05),晋南牛血液红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板数(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT)及血浆尿素(UREA)含量、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性显著高于其他3个品种肉牛(P<0.05)。4)中国西门塔尔牛、太行云牛和夏洛莱牛血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著高于晋南牛(P<0.05),太行云牛血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于夏洛莱牛和晋南牛(P<0.05),晋南牛血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于太行云牛和夏洛莱牛(P<0.05)。综上所述,太行云牛在生长性能及血清免疫和抗氧化能力方面表现较好,适宜作为山西省肉牛养殖的优选品种;晋南牛则需针对ADG较低和F/G偏高的问题开展种质资源创新,以增强品种竞争力。
This study aimed to compare the differences in growth performance,apparent nutrient digestibility,blood physiological and biochemical indices,as well as serum immune and antioxidant indices of different breeds of beef cattle.A single-factor experimental design was adopted.Ten healthy 10-month-old bulls each of Chinese Simmental cattle,Charolais cattle,Jinnan cattle and Taihang Yun cattle with an average body weight of(410.73±52.13)kg were selected and divided into 4 groups according to breed,with 10 replicates per group and 1 cattle per replicate.The total experimental period was 130 days,including a 10-day pre-test period and a 120-day formal test period.During the experiment,all groups were provided with the same diet and kept under consistent feeding and management conditions.The results showed as follows:1)the average daily gain(ADG)of Chinese Simmental cattle,Taihang Yun cattle and Charolais cattle was significantly higher than that of Jinnan cattle(P<0.05),while the feed-to-gain ratio(F/G)of Chinese Simmental cattle and Taihang Yun cattle was significantly lower than that of Jinnan cattle(P<0.05).2)There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of various nutrients among the four beef cattle breeds under the same feeding conditions(P>0.05).3)The blood white blood cell count(WBC)of Taihang Yun cattle was significantly higher than that of Chinese Simmental cattle and Charolais cattle(P<0.05).The blood hematocrit(HCT),platelet count(PLT),plateletcrit(PCT),plasma urea(UREA)content and acid phosphatase(ACP)activity of Jinnan cattle were significantly higher than those of the other three breeds(P<0.05).4)The serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)content of Chinese Simmental cattle,Taihang Yun cattle and Charolais cattle was significantly higher than that of Jinnan cattle(P<0.05).The serum activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)of Taihang Yun cattle were significantly higher than those of Charolais cattle and Jinnan cattle(P<0.05),while the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content of Jinnan cattle was significantly higher than that of Taihang Yun cattle and Charolais cattle(P<0.05).In conclusion,Taihang Yun cattle exhibits excellent performance in terms of growth performance,serum immune function and antioxidant capacity,making it a preferred breed for beef cattle breeding in Shanxi Province.For Jinnan cattle,it is necessary to carry out germplasm resource innovation to address the issues of low ADG and high F/G,thereby enhancing the breed’s competitiveness.
作者
周琛帛
张宁
张宗瑞
张羽鹏
郝振凯
张丹丹
李博
程景
吴苏君
张亚伟
张元庆
ZHOU Chenbo;ZHANG Ning;ZHANG Zongrui;ZHANG Yupeng;HAO Zhenkai;ZHANG Dandan;LI Bo;CHENG Jing;WU Sujun;ZHANG Yawei;ZHANG Yuanqing(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期7645-7656,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
山西省基础研究计划自然科学研究面上项目(20210302123424)
山西省农业关键核心技术攻关项目(NYGG22)
山西省科技重大专项计划“揭榜挂帅”项目(202201140601026)
山西省基础研究计划自然科学研究青年项目(20210302124640)
山西省2024年研究生实践创新项目(2024SJ138)。
关键词
肉牛
品种
生长性能
养分表观消化率
血液指标
beef cattle
breed
growth performance
nutrient apparent digestibility
blood indices
