摘要
本试验旨在研究壳寡糖(COS)对热应激肉鸡肝脏损伤的缓解作用。选取144只体重接近的雄性28日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只。对照组(CON组)肉鸡饲养在(24±1)℃的鸡舍;热应激组(HS组)和热应激+200 mg/kg COS组(HSC_(200)组)饲养在08:00—18:00温度为(34±1)℃、其余时间温度为(24±1)℃的鸡舍;同时,CON组和HS组饲喂基础饲粮,HSC200组在基础饲粮的基础上添加200 mg/kg COS。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,HS组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著提高(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC_(200)组血清ALT活性显著降低(P<0.05)。2)肝脏组织病理学分析显示,与CON组相比,HS组肝细胞出现损伤,有一定出血,胞浆疏松化、透明,空泡化严重,部分细胞有炎性浸润;与HS组相比,HSC_(200)组肝细胞肿胀、出血以及炎症浸润状况得以改善。3)与CON组相比,HS组肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著提高(P<0.05),肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC_(200)组肝脏MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏T-SOD和GSH-Px活性以及Nrf2、HO-1和CAT mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与CON组相比,HS组肝脏核因子-κB p65亚基(NF-κB p 65)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC_(200)组肝脏NF-κB p 65 mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。5)与CON组相比,HS组肝细胞凋亡率显著提高(P<0.05),肝脏热休克蛋白90(HSP90)、半胱天冬酶9(Caspase9)和B细胞淋巴瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bax)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05),肝脏B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)mRNA相对表达量/Bax mRNA相对表达量(Bcl-2/Bax)值显著降低(P<0.05);与HS组相比,HSC_(200)组肝细胞凋亡率显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏HSP90和Caspase9 mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加200 mg/kg COS可以缓解热应激诱导的肉鸡肝脏氧化损伤和炎症反应,降低肝细胞凋亡率,进而缓解肝脏的组织病理损伤。
This experiment aimed to investigate the alleviating effects of chitosan oligosaccharides(COS)on liver injury in heat-stressed broilers.A total of 144 male 28-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups,with 6 replicates in each group and 8 broilers in each replicate.The broilers in the control group(CON group)were raised in a chicken house at(24±1)℃,and those in the heat stress group(HS group)and the heat stress+200 mg/kg COS group(HSC_(200) group)were raised in chicken houses with a temperature of(34±1)℃from 08:00 to 18:00 and(24±1)℃at the other time.Meanwhile,the broilers in CON group and HS group were fed basal diets,while those in HSC_(200) group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg COS.The experiment lasted for 14 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with CON group,the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity in HS group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with HS group,the serum ALT activity in HSC_(200) group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)The histopathological analysis of liver tissues showed that compared with CON group,the hepatocytes in HS group were damaged,with certain bleeding,the cytoplasm was loose and transparent,with severe vacuolation,and some cells had inflammatory infiltration;compared with HS group,the swelling,bleeding and inflammatory infiltration of hepatocytes in HSC_(200) group were improved.3)Compared with CON group,the malondialdehyde(MDA)content in liver in HS group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activities of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)as well as the mRNA relative expression levels of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)and catalase(CAT)in liver were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with HS group,the MDA content in liver in HSC_(200) group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px as well as the mRNA relative expression levels of Nrf2,HO-1 and CAT in liver were significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with CON group,the mRNA relative expression levels of nuclear factor-κB p65 subunit(NF-κB p 65)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in liver in HS group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with HS group,the NF-κB p 65 mRNA relative expression level in liver in HSC_(200) group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).5)Compared with CON group,the apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in HS group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the mRNA relative expression levels of heat shock protein 90(HSP90),Caspase 9 and B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein(Bax)were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)mRNA relative expression level to Bax mRNA relative expression level(Bcl-2/Bax)was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with HS group,the apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in HSC_(200) group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the mRNA relative expression levels of HSP90 and Caspase9 in liver were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary 200 mg/kg COS can alleviate the liver oxidative damage and inflammatory response in broilers induced by heat stress,reduce the apoptosis rate of hepatocytes,and thereby alleviate the histopathological damage of the liver.
作者
王浩轩
高金稔
张迦
兰瑞霞
WANG Haoxuan;GAO Jinren;ZHANG Jia;LAN Ruixia(College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期7534-7546,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
广东海洋大学科研启动项目(R18005)。
关键词
壳寡糖
热应激
肉鸡
肝脏损伤
细胞凋亡
氧化损伤
chitosan oligosaccharides
heat stress
broilers
liver injury
cell apoptosis
oxidative damage
