摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮异亮氨酸水平对61~80日龄中速型黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血浆生化指标、胴体性状、肉品质、空肠氨基酸转运和肝脏脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响,并确定此阶段黄羽肉鸡饲粮异亮氨酸适宜水平。选取1080只初始体重为1581.67 g的61日龄麻黄肉母鸡,随机分为6组,各组饲粮异亮氨酸水平依次为0.46%、0.54%、0.62%、0.70%、0.78%和0.86%,每组6个重复,每个重复30只。试验期20 d。结果表明,随着饲粮异亮氨酸水平的升高:1)肉鸡料重比呈线性和二次变化(P<0.05);2)肉鸡血浆葡萄糖含量显著升高(P<0.05),血浆甘油三酯含量显著降低(P<0.05),血浆谷丙转氨酶和肌酸激酶活性呈线性和二次变化(P<0.05);3)肉鸡腹脂率呈线性降低(P<0.05);4)肉鸡屠宰后24 h胸肌亮度(L^(*))值显著降低(P<0.05),屠宰后24 h胸肌红度(a^(*))值呈线性和二次变化(P<0.05),胸肌剪切力呈线性降低(P<0.05);5)肉鸡空肠兴奋性氨基酸转运载体3(EAAT3)基因表达量呈线性和二次变化(P<0.05);6)肉鸡肝脏3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(HMGCR)基因表达量显著降低(P<0.05),同时肝脏沉默信息调节因子1(SIRT1)基因表达量显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮适宜水平的异亮氨酸可改善61~80日龄中速型黄羽肉母鸡生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质,同时调节血糖和血脂含量以及空肠兴奋性氨基酸转运载体基因和肝脏脂质代谢相关基因表达;依据二次回归模型估测,61~80日龄中速型黄羽肉母鸡获得最佳生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质的饲粮异亮氨酸水平为0.68%~0.90%,其中以料重比为主要评价指标,饲粮异亮氨酸适宜水平为0.74%,每日需要量为742 mg。
This experiment was aimed to study the effects of dietary isoleucine level on growth performance,plasma biochemical indices,carcass traits,meat quality,jejunal amino acid transport and liver lipid metabolism related gene expression of medium-growing yellow-feathered chickens aged 61 to 80 days,and determined the optimal dietary isoleucine level at this stage.A total of one thousand and eighty 61-day-old female partridge chickens with an initial body weight of 1581.67 g were randomly allocated to 6 groups with dietary isoleucine levels of 0.46%,0.54%,0.62%,0.70%,0.78%and 0.86%,respectively,and each of which included 6 replicates of 30 chickens per replicate.The experiment lasted for 20 days.The results showed as follows,with the increasing of dietary isoleucine levels:1)the ratio of feed to gain of yellow-feathered chickens had linear and quadratic changes(P<0.05);2)the glucose content in plasma of yellow-feathered chickens was significantly increased(P<0.05),the triglyceride content in plasma was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase had linear and quadratic changes(P<0.05);3)the abdominal fat rate of yellow-feathered chickens was linearly decreased(P<0.05);4)the breast muscle brightness(L^(*))value of yellow-feathered chickens was significantly decreased at 24 h after slaughter(P<0.05),the breast muscle redness(a^(*))value had linear and quadratic changes at 24 h after slaughter(P<0.05),and the shear force of breast muscle was linearly decreased(P<0.05);5)the excitatory amino acid transporter 3(EAAT3)gene expression in jejunum of yellow-feathered chickens had linear and quadratic changes(P<0.05);6)the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA(HMGCR)gene expression in liver of yellow-feathered chickens was significantly decreased(P<0.05),meanwhile,the silence information regulatory factor 1(SIRT1)gene expression in liver was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,an appropriate dietary level of isoleucine can improve the growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality of medium-growing female yellow-feathered chickens aged 61 to 80 days,while regulating plasma glucose and lipid contents as well as the expression of jejunal excitatory amino acid transporter gene and liver lipid metabolism related genes.According to the estimation of the quadratic regression model,the dietary isoleucine level for medium-growing female yellow-feathered chickens aged 61 to 80 days to achieve the best growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality is 0.68%to 0.90%.Among them,taking the ratio of feed to gain as the main evaluation index,and the optimal dietary isoleucine level is 0.74%,with a daily requirement of 742 mg.
作者
范秋丽
苟钟勇
张赛
王一冰
林厦菁
罗琦丽
董晓丽
邓远帆
阮栋
蒋守群
FAN Qiuli;GOU Zhongyong;ZHANG Sai;WANG Yibing;LIN Xiajing;LUO Qili;DONG Xiaoli;DENG Yuanfan;RUAN Dong;JIANG Shouqun(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;CJ(Shanghai)International Trading Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201107,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期7455-7466,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1300404)
现代农业产业技术体系国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-41)
国家自然科学基金青年基金(32402816)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2024A1515012121)
广东省农业科学院科技计划项目(202106TD,R2019PY-QF008)
广东省农业科学院科技人才引进专项资金项目(R2021YJ-YB3012)。
关键词
异亮氨酸
黄羽肉鸡
生长性能
血浆生化指标
肉品质
氨基酸转运
脂质代谢
isoleucine
yellow-feathered chickens
growth performance
plasma biochemical indices
meat quality
amino acid transport
lipid metabolism
