摘要
脂肽是一类由芽孢杆菌属微生物合成的生物活性物质,具备广谱抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗炎等多重功能,作为替代抗生素的饲料添加剂,在畜禽和水产养殖中展现出显著应用潜力。本文系统综述了脂肽特别是表面活性素的结构特性、生物学活性、作用机制及其在养殖业中的应用研究进展,重点分析了在提升动物生产性能、增强免疫功能和改善肠道健康等方面的表现。进一步评估了脂肽推广应用所面临的成本、稳定性和法规障碍,并探讨了其高效生产及稳定性提升的技术策略。最后,展望了脂肽在绿色、高效和可持续养殖中的发展前景,旨在为脂肽作为新型饲料添加剂的产业化提供理论依据和实践参考。
Lipopeptides are a class of bioactive substances synthesized by microorganisms of the Bacillus,exhibiting a wide range of biological activities,including broad-spectrum antimicrobial,antiviral,antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects.Lipopeptides have demonstrated considerable potential as antibiotic alternatives in livestock,poultry and aquaculture husbandry.This review systematically summarizes the structural characteristics,biological activities,mechanisms of action and recent advances in the application of lipopeptide,particularly surfactin,special pay attention to improving growth performance,enhancing immune function and promoting intestinal health in animals.Moreover,this paper assesses the challenges associated with the application of lipopeptide,such as high production costs,limited stability and regulatory constraints,and discusses the strategies aimed at improving production efficiency and enhancing physicochemical stability.Finally,the paper future perspectives on the role of lipopeptides in promoting environmentally friendly,efficient and sustainable animal farming,with the objective of providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for their industrial application as novel feed additives.
作者
李桐
吴立新
周文豪
梁晓芳
LI Tong;WU Lixin;ZHOU Wenhao;LIANG Xiaofang(College of Fisheries and Life,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Feed Processing and Quality and Safety Innovation Team,Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Enhalor Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期7364-7376,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
北京市自然科学基金(6232038)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ZDRW202303)
现代农业产业技术体系北京市渔业创新团队(BAIC07-2025-08)。
关键词
脂肽
表面活性素
抗菌活性
生物活性物质
抗生素替代
可持续发展
lipopeptide
surfactin
antimicrobial activity
bioactive substance
antibiotic alternative
sustainable development
